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explore and analyze the mechanisms of the physiological
effects generated by
the Qigong state.
1.
THE EFFECTS OF THE PRACTICE OF QIGONG ON THE EEG
Hu
Lingi and
others recorded ordinary EEG of 30 subjects practicing
relaxation Qigong and analyzed the power spectrum.
In the first systematic
test before
the subjects had learned relaxation Qigong, there were no clear
differences between the duration of power, and prior to power, in the various
frequency bands of the EEG power spectrum.
However, after three months of
occupied
a markedly increased
Qigong training, the EEG alpha wave band
percentage
of the entire power spectrum.
The EEG power spectrum array
analysis also showed a gradual increase in the
alpha wave spectrum energy.
The rise
in the
EEG
wave index is acknowledged as representative of the
degree of relaxation.
Therefore, any type of positive state can lead
to an
abatement of the alpha
rhythm.
We can see from the results of analysis of
the power spectrum in
the EEGs in this experiment that the alpha wave
proportion of
the EEG power spectrum of the group practicing Qigong showed a
clear increase during the course of practicing Qigong compared to what it was
prior to practicing Qigong.
We can detect in the EEG power spectrum array
that during the entire 15 minutes of Qigong exercise the EEG alpha wave
spectrum energy increased.
This illustrates
that the alpha wave increase
actually reflects the degree to which the cerebrum enters rest during the
exercise. Furthermore, the degree of entering rest gradually increases.
Zhang Jianzhou and others conducted an analysis of statistical charts of
the electrical potential in
the EEGs of the Qigong functional state.
The
EEGs
of
group
of Qigong
masters
(a total of ten persons who had all
a
practiced Qigong for more than ten years) taken before the Qigong exercises
and eight
minutes
into the Qigong exercises when they were in a Qigong
functional state were compared.
A
single line can be seen on the T test
isopotential
distribution chart.
<
The cerebrum frontal hemisphere alpha 1
component shows the clearest changes
(P
0.05.
From the isopotential
distribution graph of another
related
factor
we
see
that
there was a
weakening correlation or a negative correlation of the vast majority of the
EEG components In order
to explain the changes in the interrelationships
between the various parts of the brain in
the EEG
after entering
a Qigong
state, they also conducted analysis of correlated isopotential distribution
graphs. The design was to divide the cerebrum into
four sections,
the left
front, right front, left
rear
and right rear and still emphasizing the
observation of the alpha 1 rhythm. The positive correlation between the left
and right
and the negative correlation between the front and rear can be
seen .
The control group (ten healthy individuals) also had their EEGs
recorded into three bands.
This group closed their eyes and sat quietly for
five minutes and then relaxed (imitation of Qigong) for ten minutes, and then
sat
quietly
for five
minutes.
On
the EEG change T test isopotential
distribution chart of this group we can see that their "degree of greyness"
is lowest.
This illustrates that there was no clear change in their EEG from
the time they closed their eyes and sat quietly to
the time they copied
Qigong. Analysis of the correlation index of their isopotential distribution
chart shows that their "degree
of grayness"
was
highest,
indicating the
strongest positive correlation, there was no antagonism.
It was completely
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different from the negative correlation
in
the
electrical
changes
in the
frontal and rear portions of the brain after a Qigong master has entered the
functional state.
This experiment
illustrates
that
when
a
Qigong master
enters the functional state,
there is
a pattern to the changes in the EEG.
These are primarily manifest in the
increase of forward cerebrum and the
central area alpha 1 components.
Furthermore, as for the colonies, this type
of increase is
of clear
significance.
As
for the overall
brain, the
increased alpha 1 rhythm indicates that there is an increased orderliness to
the cerebrum activities.
This obviously is not a type of state between sleep
and waking,
and is not a controlled state, but is a special type of state of
excitation.
Some people have discovered
that
the
as
time
a
person
stands is
extended, the Q wave and the alpha wave indexes increase in the EEGs of both
the Qigong group and the control group.
However, the increase is sharper in
the Qigong group, and furthermore,
the
increased value of the Q wave is
clearly higher than that of the control group.
This indicates that when
experienced Qigong practitioners stand and enter a deep relaxation state, the
central nervous system nerves are in a highly orderly state, and the central
brain has strong control and coordination capability. The increase of the Q
and the alpha waves are one manifestation of the increased synchronization
of brain cell activities. This is the increased mutual coordination function
of the cerebral cortex and the lower structures
in
the
enter relaxation
state.
It signifies the enhanced operational state of the cortical centers.
Niu Xin and others used relatively advanced computer
signals processing
systems to perform power spectrum analysis during Qigong external aura of the
person being acted upon, a normal persons EEG under the effects of infrasonic
sound, and the EEG of a Qigong master entering relaxation and transmitting an
external aura. They searched for the central
reaction of
the Qigong state
and the Qigong external aura from a neurobiological perspective. There were
significant changes in the EEG power spectrum in the external aura subject
group P
< 0.05).
The changes in this group's EEG power spectrum were
characterized by an increase in the frontal energy.
Forty one subjects in
this group showed an increase in frontal lobe energy after being acted on by
external aura. Nineteen subjects in this group showed signs of frontal block
reversal.
Twenty three subjects from
this group displayed high energy at
various leads. Thirty one subjects
showed synchronization of the alpha
waves and compared to before being acted on the external aura, the average
power spectrum peak moved toward the alpha frequency. The changes in the six
subjects with relatively complex transmitting state EEG waves all showed
increased frontal power and all leads had high power. This appeared to be an
overall increase
in the EEG power spectrum.
The peak tended toward the b
wave.
There were many harmonic peaks on either side of the main peak. There
was no
frontal block reversal.
It appeared to be synchronized brain waves.
There were active changes in the frontal lobe EEG when the subject was in the
Qigong state.
This illustrates that the practitioner of Qigong can use his
actions of his conscious will to
influence
the
functions of his internal
organs.
At
the
same time, entering relaxation had a positive regulating
effect on the higher centers of the brain.
During this process,
the skin
resistance, pulse rate and breathing all
slowed down, indicating that that
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the cerebral cortex was under protective
inhibition.
During positive rest
and reorganization, the mutual inhibiting
effects
of
the
lower level
automatic nerve centers were reset, and there were a series of indications of
increased tensity
in the vagus nerve.
After entering relaxation, the body
was in a "brain relaxed, internal organs active" Qigong functional state. We
discovered that as the testing time was extended for normal persons, it was
also possible to record occasional EEG changes which were similar to those of
the Qigong functional state, but these changes were less in degree, followed
no pattern and had no statistical
significance.
From another
aspect, when
normal people go through Qigong
training, they are completely capable of
entering the same sort of functional state as the Qigong masters and display
similar
changes
in the
EEG
waves,
the power spectrum of the EEG in the
functional state
is more complex.
This can
be due to the
fact that the
Qigong masters practice different
types of Qigong, and the locations from
which they transmit the aura are different.
When they are transmitting the
aura, they manifest an overall power
increase in the power spectrum in the
various leads and these are not synchronous. This is the cortical inhibition
of the
Qigong master from the time of entering relaxation, skipping to the
cortical excitation process, and switching from the synchronized to the non-
synchronized b
wave EEG
waves.
This explains
the speeding up of the EEG
rhythm, the cortical neuron activity, and enhanced excitation
and tenseness.
During
the process
of
the
Qigong master entering relaxation, he makes a
series of adjustments in entering the functional state.
The cerebral cortex
functions also go through two completely separate functional states. This is
the nervous mechanism of
the Qigong
master switching
from a psychological
process to a
physiological process.
The conclusion is that during the
process of Qigong entering relaxation, the EEG power
spectrum shows changes
in Q synchronization, characterized by an increase in the frontal lobe alpha
wave power spectrum.
During the
functional state,
the EEG power spectrum
tends to be b wave form, displaying desynchronized EEG waves, and an increase
in the power spectrum energy of all leads.
Hong Zhi and others used a
computer to
analyze and study
the EEG
characteristics of a super relaxed
state.
The thought activities of the
human brain play the role of the director
in
entering the super relaxed
state, and the frontal area is the area of the brain most recently formed in
the evolutionary process of the human brain. The frontal
area is the place
where nervous processes become thought processes, and is an important area of
conscious activity. Therefore, they an EEG
signals analysis of the frontal
area as
a beginning to recognize normal states of relaxation and states of
super relaxation, and found common
characteristics of super relaxation.
There were eight people in the Qigong group, all of whom had practiced Qigong
for three years or more. During
the
tests,
the EEG of each person was
Five minutes were prior to Qigong, 30 minutes
recorded for
40 minutes.
The control
group were
during Qigong, and five
minutes
after Qigong.
test.
The results were:
The
requested to copy the Qigong group for the
common relaxation.
between super relaxation and
frontal area EEG showed
marked differences
During Qigong super relaxed state, the EEG power spectrum
greatly increased, with the spectrum peak frequency moving down. The largest
spectrum peak location reached 4.7 Hz. That is the transition from the pre
Qigong alpha wave dominance to a large concentration of Q wave energy. The
amount of shift in
the power spectrum was directly related to the degree of
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enter relaxation.
2.
EFFECTS OF PRACTICING QIGONG ON CEREBRAL HEMOGRAMS
Liu Yuanliang and others observed
the effects
of
Qigong
training on
cerebral hemograms.
There were 72 persons in the Qigong group, and all were
patients with various chronic ailments who practiced Qigong. The average of
those in
this group
was 50.
There
were 27
persons in the control group.
They were patients with various chronic ailments who did not practice Qigong.
Their average
age was
47.
The Qigong group practiced Qigong four to five
hours every day.
Prior to
practicing Qigong, 22 of
the 72 in the Qigong
group had normal brain blood flow.
after practicing Qigong for three months,
the number with normal brain blood flow shot up to 42, or almost double what
it
was.
Also,
there
was
a
clear drop
in
the numbers of those with
were
too
high.
In the
insufficient blood flow and those whose readings
control group, there were 15 of the 27 with abnormal brain blood flow.
After
the course of treatment was over, the number of those with normal brain blood
flow increased
by one or two.
There are clear difference between the two.
The results of the brain blood
flow
chart amplitudes
after statistical
analysis are:
any member of the Qigong group with insufficient brain blood
flow all showed an increase in
all four
channels.
The difference between
At the
before and after practicing Qigong was extremely apparent (P < 0.01).
those with slightly high brain blood flow
same time it was discovered that
prior
to practicing
Qigong
had
reductions in this blood flow to varying
extremely
apparent
difference
before and after
degrees.
There
was
an
practicing Qigong (P < 0.01).
Those with normal brain blood flow prior to
practicing
did
not
show
apparent
change.
This
illustrates
that
practicing Qigong
has duplex
action to
increase brain
blood flow in those
with insufficient brain blood flow, to lower the
brain blood
flow of those
whose brain
blood flow is too high, and does not effect the brain blood flow
of those with normal flow.
Qigong
flow.
Liang Feng and others observed the
effects
of
on brain flood
Their subjects were 15 college students.
They practiced Qigong for
six months or more. During the experiment, they observed that the blood flow
volume rose at a clearly higher rate after practicing this exercise for 15
minutes than before this exercise (P < 0.01).
The
increase in
the rate of
the rise in brain blood flow illustrates an increased blood flow volume, and
provides the tissue with the increased oxygen and nutrients it requires. At
the same
time, the accelerated metabolism of waste improves the function of
the brain,
so the brain
can maintain
a
high level
of
operational
effectiveness, and plays an active role in preventing hardening of the blood
vessels in the brain and in improving the metabolism capability.
The
practice of Qigong entering relaxation can lower the energy consumption of
the brain, reduce noise interference, increase the activities of the cells,
so the
nerve cells
in the brain are more synchronized and more ordered, and
the brain is in optimal state for processing internal and external signals.
Tao Shouzhang and others observed changes in the cerebral hemograph of
those practicing Qigong relaxation and recuperation.
They observed the
amplitude of the cerebral hemographs of Qigong masters 10, 20, and 30 minutes
after
entering
relaxation.
These readings showed a clear drop to those
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before practicing entering relaxation (P < 0.01) and
these reading basically
returned to the level prior to practicing Qigong after ten minutes of natural
rest following
the Qigong
exercises.
There were no clear
changes in the
readings of
the control
group during
the entire process of the experiment.
This experiment shows that after Qigong
entering relaxation
the entire body
is in a kind of special
physiological state - the Qigong functional state.
The results of this experiment are markedly different from the results of the
other experiments mentioned above.
It is possible that different types of
Qigong and different methods have different effects on the brain
blood flow.
Additional future study must be made of this.
Bao Guojin
and others observed the effects of practicing Qigong on the
brain electrical resistance chart.
Those training in Qigong were
38 persons
who trained for two hours every day in the Shaolin internal muscle one-finger
Dhyana.
The brain electrical resistance
was checked prior to the training
and after 30 days
of training.
Four readings all became normal wave forms.
After the training, the brain resistance chart wave amplitude, flow volume
speed, resistance
index, and elevation time were all sharply different from
before beginning training in Qigong.
With
the exception of right side
resistance index and rise time, all other six indexes showed extremely marked
differences (P , 0.01). This illustrates a relatively great effect of the
practice of Qigong on the brain electrical resistance chart, suggesting that
training in Shaolin internal muscle one-finger Dhyana acts
to increase brain
blood flow.
The cerebral
cortex is
the highest.
level or
regulation of human body
functions and activities. It is also a primary material basis for exercising
the highest
form of biological activity ( thought).
The brain is the most
complex and functionally most perfect system in the natural world structure.
At the same time the brain is adjusting between the body and the environment
and among the various levels within the body, it is also acting to regulate
itself.
A study
of the EEGs and brain blood flow charts indicates that the
practice of Qigong entering relaxation can restore and improve the functional
activities
of
the cerebral
cortex.
The brain is regulating and control
center for the body's automatic systems.
It is an organ of key importance in
maintaining the health of the body. Therefore, when entering relaxation acts
to have a beneficial effect on the functions of the brain, it must play an
important and extensive regulating role over the entire body, putting the
entire system of the human body into a kind of entirely new functional state.
V.
THE EFFECTS OF QIGONG ON SKIN ELECTRICAL REACTION AND SKIN TEMPERATURE
1.
THE EFFECTS OF QIGONG ON SKIN ELECTRICAL REACTIONS
The skin electrical potential activity
is
an excellent
index
of the
functional state of the sympathetic nervous system and its reactivity.
It is
also related to emotional activity. Lin Yagu and others observed the changes
in skin
electrical reaction
wave
phase during the process of practicing
Qigong.
They discovered that healthy individuals and sick individuals
display different phases. This is primarily related to the state of the body
at the time of the experiment, the phase was different at different parts of
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