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Interim Engineering Report 1
ADVANCED THREAT TECHNIQUE ASSESSMENT
By:
HAROLD E. PUTHOFF
RUSSELL TARG
RADIO PHYSICS LABORATORY
Classification Determination Pending
Protect as though Classified SECRET
SRI
®
STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Menlo Park, California 94025 · U.S.A.
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CONTENTS
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
iii
.
.
.
.
.
LIST OF TABLES
.
€
.
.
.
iv
I
OBJECTIVE
1
II
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
2
III
PROGRESS DURING THE REPORTING PERIOD
5.
A.
Resolution Experiments
5
B.
Pilot Alphabet Experiments
12
c.
Automated Alphabet Experiments
15
D.
Improved Judging Techniques
17
E.
Long Distance Experiment with Teleconferencing
18
F.
New York-Dayton Long-Distance Experiment
24
G.
Arctic Experiments
27
H.
Long-Range Remote Viewing (Soviet Targets)
27
1.
Pilot Study
28
2.
Soviet Site No. 1
29
3.
Soviet Site No. 2
32
I.
Some Physical Models Potentially Applicable to
Remote Perception
38
IV CONCLUSIONS
40
Appendix COMPUTER FILE PRINTOUT
42
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ILLUSTRATIONS
1
Golden Pavilion Restaurant -- Target and Drawings by
Subject I1
7
2
Hyatt House Hotel in Palo Alto Used as Remote
Viewing Target
9
3
Mountain View Swimming Pool Complex, with Independent
Drawings by Subjects 11 and H1
10
4
Stanford University Inner Quadrangle, with Sketches by
an Inexperienced Subject
11
5
Remote Viewing of White Plaza, Stanford University,
by a Visiting Scientist
13
6
Coast-to-Coast Remote Viewing Experiment with Grant's
Tomb in New York City as Target Site
20
7
Coast-to-Coast Remote Viewing Experiment, with
Washington Square Fountain as New York City Target
22
8
Ohio Caves, Used as Target Site in Long Distance
(1000 km) Remote Viewing Experiment
25
9
Remote Viewing by Geographical Coordinates of Dam-Site
in the USSR
30
10
Remote Viewing Overview of Dam-Site Locale, Showing
Airport of Interest in the Lower Left
31
11
Remote Viewing Sketch of Detail on Runways and
Structures
33
12
Remote Viewing by Second Subject Attempting to
---
Describe Airport Target
34
13
Airplane Viewed by Subject to be on the Ground at
Airport Site
35
14
Detail of Airport Site
36
15
Rural Soviet Site.
37
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UNCLASSIFIED
II
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
For the past four years, we have had a program in the Electronics
and Bioengineering Laboratory of SRI to investigate those facets of
human perception that appear to fall outside the range of well-understood
perceptual/processing capabilities. Of particular interest is a human
information-accessing capability that we call "remote viewing."
This
phenomenon pertains to the ability of certain individuals to access and
describe, by means of mental processes, information sources blocked from
ordinary perception, and generally accepted as secure against such
access.
In particular, the phenomenon we have investigated most extensively
is the ability of a subject to view remote geographical locations up to
several thousand km distant from his physical location (given only a
known person on whom to target).
X
We have carried out more than 50
experiments under controlled laboratory conditions with several indi-
viduals whose remote perceptual abilities have been developed suffi-
ciently to allow them at times to describe correctly -- often in great
detail -- geographical or technical material such as buildings, roads,
laboratory apparatus, and the like.
The following is an outline of the areas of investigation carried
out in the past quarter.
Each item will be described in detail in the
body of the report.
*
A detailed description of our work in this area was published in the
Proceedings of the IEEE, pp. 329-353, March 1976.
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A.
Near-field Experiments: Experiments with experienced subjects
at less than 10 km distance, to examine biases and analytic interpreta-
tions by subjects, which may introduce noise into the perceptual channel.
B.
Alphabet Experiments: Investigation of techniques to permit
increased resolution in remote viewing.
c.
Improved Judging Techniques:
Efforts to improve the reliabil-
ity in the evaluation of subjects' descriptions of remote targets.
D.
Long Distance Teleconferencing Experiments:
New York to
California and New York to Dayton remote viewing experiments using the
ARPA-net to provide time and date records of both subject and experi-
menter entries.
E.
Arctic Experiments: Tracking of experimenter traveling in the
Arctic regions.
F.
Application to Distant Targets: Remote viewing of coordinate-
designated targets in the USSR.
G.
Theory: Investigation of extensions of present-day physical
theory to provide testable models for the remote viewing phenomenon.
The results of this investigation can be summarized as follows:
· Resolution and accuracy of description has not been
observed to degrade with increasing distance up to
at least 5000 km.
" Real-time tracking of known individuals has been
accomplished, with regard to both location and
activities, including reports of the presence of
people at the site when people are present.
· Detailed descriptions of Soviet military facilities
have been provided, with sufficient accuracy to allow
ready verification.
The identification of concealed alphabet letters has
been accomplished, as a prelude to learning to read
inaccessible signs and words.
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. It has been demonstrated that it is not necessary for
an experimenter to be knowledgeable of the desired
information, for the data to be collected by remote
viewing.
o We continue to work with new and untrained subjects
and observe that they improve with practice, so that
we need not rely entirely on the availability of
special subjects.
0 Redundancy improves the reliability (by having more than
one individual attempt to collect information on a given
site). This also allows us to identify and compensate
for the biases of individual subjects.
. Since it is known that workers in the Soviet Union have
pursued research of this type for the past forty years,
we may assume that they have achieved a level of profi-
ciency at least equal to our own, which could reasonably
be considered to constitute a threat.
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be blind to all concerned. The project monitor and an SRI experimenter
(Puthoff) then entered the laboratory and, one by one, read off the
coordinates to Subject I1, who quickly sketched a map and jotted down a
few phrases to describe what came to mind as the coordinates were read,
taking roughly three minutes per target, After the ten response sheets
were generated (in the presence of the project monitor and SRI experi-
menter) in response to the ten coordinates, the data were roughly
evaluated by the project monitor and SRI experimenter by reference to
The Times Atlas of the World. The results of this informal pilot
experiment were sufficiently encouraging to cause the project .monitor
to decide to conduct a series of experiments of the type that had been
planned for later in the program; namely, the viewing and detailed
description of Soviet sites of interest.
2.
Soviet Site No. 1
SG1A
The project monitor passed along to SRI experimenters the
coordinates
Although the coordinates
were intended to designate an airport of interest, they were obtained
from a list which designated the nearby population center. In response
subject Il generated the drawing of a dam, shown in Figure 9, which was
passed along to the project monitor. Although the presence of the dam
was unknown to the project monitor when he chose the coordinates, he
verified that a dam of the subject's drawn configuration was located
within a few miles of the coordinates, roughly equidistant from the
population center as the airport. It was then agreed that the appro-
priate next step was to obtain an overview from the subject, without
indicating to him that the item of interest was an airport.
Should he
find an airport during this second phase, then he was to be asked for
more detail. This procedure was followed, and resulted in the overview
shown in Figure 10. After completion of the overview, the SRI
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76
13 May 1976
10.30 a.m
SG1A
gets langer
up here.
A river wich a damon it.
not too high - about 100 yards
across.
Roads on both sides
and going across it.
S
5
a small holding
53 -Tres
Sort of park-like.
a good sized town in this direction.
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FIGURE 9
REMOTE VIEWING BY GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES OF DAM-SITE IN THE USSR (S)
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the result
+1.
14 May 76
11.30. p.m.
This is sart of civilized countryside that reminds
me of the oct shorts of Prague. It is easier to describe
it then draw a map. Some trees. A large highway.
Lots of city to the NW. a large river.
What seems to be an airport. Some radio
towers - maybea radar net. Another much
smaller town ( city) to the, S.E.
small awfuld.
factores
-
Large oit
Welding s.
towers -
aufuld.
Highway
low
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FIGURE 10
REMOTE VIEWING OVERVIEW OF DAM-SITE LOCALE, SHOWING AIRPORT OF
INTEREST IN THE LOWER LEFT (U).
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experimenter monitoring Il's efforts, upon seeing the result, then
requested more detail on the airport shown in his overview. Figure 11(a)
shows the runway outlines and nearby buildings, while Figure 11(b)
indicates detail on a structure at the end of the major runway. These
data were evaluated by the project monitor, and much of the description
was verified. The project officer should be contacted for further
details.
A second subject, a government employee (subject E1) trained
in remote viewing in an earlier program, agreed during a visit to SRI on
June 24 to participate in our efforts to obtain information about this
same site. In his case SRI experimenters indicated the coordinates on
a low-resolution world map and told him that the target of interest was
an airport. In response he immediately generated the overview shown in
Figure 12, gave detail on a Concorde-like aircraft he saw on one of the
runways in Figure 13, and outlined structural details on a storage area
and an antenna, as shown in Figures 14(a) and 14(b). A half-hour tape
transcript along with the sketches were turned over to the project
monitor for analysis.
. .
3.
Soviet Site No. 2
SG1A
Coordinates
for a second Soviet
site were given to SRI experimenters, who then passed them on to subject
I1. As a result of an error on the part of the individual who chose the
coordinates, the coordinates were not of a site of interest, but rather
of a barren area out in the countryside. The subject described a town
to the southwest and a relatively barren area with "loopy roads" at the
target site (Figure 15). As before, the sketches and a written descrip-
tion were turned over to the project monitor for evaluation, who
subsequently verified the results as matching the coordinates given in
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Id say this is a comercial field.
to the degree they have their
Posting lot
RAMP
001
HANGARS
BUILDING
approx
1 mili >
fence
(a) DETAIL ON RUNWAYS
windows
50 feet.
1
(b) DETAIL ON STRUCTURE AT END OF MAJOR RUNWAY
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FIGURE 11
REMOTE VIEWING SKETCH OF DETAIL ON RUNWAYS AND STRUCTURES (airport) (U)
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Road
More
overshoot-
River
3 stories (cornet)
a akrewhere
Several
Aut. Logs
Stores
area
Hangars
miles
Away
Trees+ +++
Long Runway
#-12000 tok
OVERVIEW
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FIGURE 12
REMOTE VIEWING BY SECOND SUBJECT ATTEMPTING TO DESCRIBE
AIRPORT TARGET (U)
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FIGURE 13 · AIRPLANE VIEWED BY SUBJECT TO BE ON THE
GROUND AT AIRPORT SITE (U)
1
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6-24
4" open wire
Fence
6' Till
Wooden Post support
yellow
Panby
Tinks
with
Red Lettering
F
white
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36
Gray
OHD
Antenna
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Stacked
logs
Covering Entrance
underground
Gray
to
cement stairs going down
railing
[woods) /
Metal
STORAGE AREA
ANTENNA
FIGURE 14
DETAIL AT AIRPORT SITE (U)
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hear "echoes": Echo devices? (Madas?)
group
Tower
Roads
1
Prices
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2
FIGURE 15 RURAL SOVIET SITE (S)
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error.
The error thus provided an additional opportunity to verify
that (a) the subject's output is not simply geared to match the
expectations of the experimenters, and (b) the subject does not simply
conjure up a likely result, but rather apparently describes the area
appropriate to the coordinates. This experiment thus inadvertently
provided a "null test" of the type useful in the testing of human
abilities.
I.
Some Physical Models Potentially Applicable to Remote Perception
*
The purpose of this part of the investigation is to make use of the
remote perception experimental data base described in this report, to
deduce the relevant physical principles and laws governing paranormal
functioning. One of the common objections to the existence of psychic
functioning is that it would seem to be in conflict with the laws of
physics. In our investigation, we are attempting first to demonstrate
the compatibility of psychic phenomena with the laws and content of
physics. We are also examining limits of specific physical theories in
modeling psychic phenomena. It is hypothesized that we can use physical
principles to help us understand psi phenomena; further, the psychic data
base will probably shed light on some of the current problems in physics.
This is particularly true for the foundations of quantum mechanics, and
for geometrical models of space-time events such as exists in relativity
theory.
We have dealt with the following general problem areas:
First, a
reconciliation between the major principles of physics and their rela-
tionship to psychic phenomena; then, an examination of Bell's theorem
*
Dr. E.A. Rauscher, consultant to SRI, on leave from Lawrence Berkeley
Laboratory, University of California.
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and the EPR paradox with regard to some possible models of remote per-
..
ception. We have analyzed a relativistic Lorentz invariant condition
involving superluminal signals and examined its relationship to precog-
nition. We then used the precognitive data base to demonstrate the
limits of this model. We have also examined higher-dimensional geometries
with regard to the possible resolution of precognition and causality.
Finally, we have considered the utilization of the constraints of the
remote perception data on the structure of the space-time metric.
Recommendations for the direction of future theoretical work have been
provided. The results of this continuing investigation will be presented
in detail in the final report.
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IV
CONCLUSIONS
In this program we have been investigating facets of human per-
ception that appear to fall outside of the range of well-understood
perceptual/processing capabilities. Of particular interest has been &
human information-accessing capability that we call remote viewing.
This phenomenon pertains to the ability of certain individuals to access
and describe, by means of mental processes, information sources blocked
from ordinary perception, and generally accepted as secure against such
access.
In particular, the phenomenon we have investigated most
extensively is the ability of a subject to view remote geographical
locations up to several thousand km distant from his physical location,
given only geographical coordinates or a known person on whom to target.
Several individuals' remote perceptual abilities have now been developed
sufficiently to allow them to describe -- often in great detail -- geograph-
ical or other technical material such as buildings, roads, and natural
formations.
We have also carried out experiments in which subjects have learned
to identify concealed alphabet letters, as a prelude to learning to
read inaccessible signs and words. In all of the above work we have
found that it is not necessary for an experimenter to have any prior
knowledge of the data to be collected by remote viewing.
Throughout this program we have continued to work with new and
untrained subjects, to make certain that we need never rely entirely
upon the availability of a very limited number of special subjects. In
experiments making use of more than one subject to view a distant
target, we have found that this redundancy approach gives improved
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reliability. It also allows us to obtain information with regard to
the biases of each individual subject, so as to assess more accurately
the utility of his output.
In experiments extending up to 5000 km, we have not found any
degradation in accuracy or resolution as a function of increasing
distance. Real-time tracking of individuals with regard to their
location and activities has been accomplished over similar distances.
Remote viewing through the use of geographical coordinates have provided
detailed descriptions of Soviet military facilities with sufficient
accuracy to allow client verification of the data.
Since (a) the ability to perform the tasks described herein appears
to be widely distributed in the population, and (b) the Soviets are
known to be pursuing an extensive research program in this area, we must
assume that similar results are being obtained. Therefore, it can be
taken as probable that such technology in the Soviet Union is suffi-
ciently advanced to constitute a threat.
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