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understand what is happening. When ESP experiences are no longe
felt as a threat, the activation of internal resources during
therapy allow the patient to mitigate or overcome resistances,
actualizing his tendency towards recovery.
The purpose of this paper is to expand the traditional concept
the individual vs. environment.
taking into account the possib
of other levels of reality which can interact with the individ
It is not our intention to substitute today's psychotherapic
knowledge - but only to add to it another dimension, aiming at
holistic understanding of the patient and his reality, as well
his recovery.
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND LEVELS OF REALITY :
PART II - ESP AS AN AID TO PSYCHOTHERAPY
IN SOME PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
SAMUEL, Andrée. and KISKOS, Julika
Clinical Psychologists
Sociedade de Pesquisas Psicobiofísicas de
São Paulo
São Paulo, S.P., Brazil
REFERENCES
Capra, F. The Tao of Physics, Great Britain: The Chaucer Press,
fract : The authors discuss the interactions between other levels
Ellenberger, H. F. The Discovery of the Unconscious. New York: reality and ours in cases involving patients with psychological
Books, Inc., 1970
Orders of various kinds. Trained sensitives were used in this
and often manifested extraneous personalities (named theta
Jaspers, Karl. Psicopatologia Geral. Rio de Janeiro: Livraria Ats by the authors), and who were involved with the patients. A
neu, 1973, vol I and II.
ription is made of the theta agents observed and their inter-
jon with the patients, Removal of theta, agents by means of
Kiskos, J. and Samuel, A. Healing at a Distance: Some Evidencesain procedures is followed by an improvement in the patients'
Suggestive of Theta Agent Influence in Psychological Disturbandition. This approach combined with traditional psychotherappy
In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Psycho-is up new possibilities for patients whose prognosis of recovery
tronic Research. Tokyo, 1977, Vol. IT\ 481
remote or dependent on extensive psychotherapy.
LeShan, L. The Medium, the Mystic and the Physicist. New York: joduction
Viking Press, 1974.
Price, H. H. Mediumship and Human Survival
In Wheatley, J. M.O.
Edge, H.L. (ed. ) Philosophical Dimensions of Parapsychology.
Springfield: Bannerstone House, 1976.
Tart, C. T. Altered States of Consciousness. New York: John Wile
Sons, Inc., 1972
Toben, B. Space, Time and Beyond. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1975.
1977, at the III International Conference on Psychotronic
arch in Tokyo, we presented a paper discussing the possibility
Influencing at a distance people with various types of psycho-
Ical disorders, aiming at relieving or removing the symptoms
trienced. After experimenting during three years, we had come to
conclusion that this could be done. However, we also found out
personalities extraneous to the members of the group in some
Is manifested themselves, suggesting an interrelation between
psychological disorders of some patients and the influence of
personalities - which we named "theta agents". Also in this
r, we described the types of theta agents we came across, as
as the improvemente and relapses observed in patients as we
It with these agents. The subjects selected for our sample did
know that they were being focused by the group, were not
ergoing psychotherapy and had been showing certain symptoms for
than a year.
purpose of this paper is to take up these aspects and extend
based on observations made during the last two years.
king Hypothesis
observations, as pointed out in our paper "ESP as a Component
Some Psychological Disorders", which is being presented at this
Conference, led us to consider that there might be another level
Feality, unperceived by our senses, but which could interact with
individual. Apparently, besides the classical interaction
vidual vs. environment, there could be a third one that we
d call "spiritual". "Spiritual" is probably not the best word
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ta agents that intentionally try to harm patients
As we described in 1977, our work is done by a group of people may be aware or unaware that they have died
of which are sensitives. These meet once a week with the obieoption of harming is due to revenge
of practicing absent healing or healing of patients present
such meetings. The patients are persons with psychological disent
of various kinds. For the past two years we eliminated "distan
Monally involved, as they feel they have been victimized by
times an entity of this type is not harming the patient
an experimental control, because our observations showed that tionally; he remains at his side, claiming to love him
ta agents that share and enjoy patients' activities
the subject was unaware of the treatment significant alteration
occurred in his behaviour. This eliminated the hypothesis of at
suggestion. We use sensitives in this work because presently thy
"spiritual" level previously mentioned is only accessible thro.
Sensitives, i.e., people that have ESP faculty.
ray be aware or unaware that they have died
Ir interaction with patients might become symbiotic
"iosis is directly related to the pleasure obtained in the
fraction, i. e., they are interested in the pleasure provided
the patient and not, in the patient himself
#
Theta Agents
During the treatment of certain patients, we came across extrachanism of interaction between a theta agent and a patient is
personalities. These we named "theta agents", because the circh one-sided as it might seem. In most cases observed it was
stances in wich they manifested themselves led us to conclude ble to detect a feedback mechanism between the two sides.
they were deceased persons.
important to note that when we state that some persons may be
Based on our observations we found four types of theta agents:enced by an agent in another level of reality - the theta
theta agents unaware that they have died; b) theta agents led & - we are not necessarily saying that they are the cause of
harm patients by means of black magic; c) theta agents that outsorder. The individual himself, due to his particular nature,
revenge try to harm the patient; d) theta agents sharing and ten predisposed - open - to the influence exerted by the theta
enjoying patients' activities.
As to the factor that triggers the whole process, it is not
s found in the patient's physical and perceptible environment
These four categories were reported in 1977 and, up to now, noit may also be a combination of both.
types have been found. The classification is based on our obsei
tions. These categories are not mutually exclusive; sometimes ission
appear in a combined form.
e opting for the theta agent hypothesis, we analysed several
's subconscious; 3) coincidental improvement of the patient;
ito-suggestion on part of the patient; 5) telepathy; 6) clair-
ice; 7) "this-world ESP" (as described by Price)
! hypotheses were analysed in relation to three types of
:ment :
- complain about existential situations
- worry about or look for their family, but are unable to findith patients that were unaware that they were given absent
- complain about difficulties in contacting people, who act asjaling
they did not notice their presence.
Ith patients that knew that they were being given absent healing
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349
a) Theta agents unaware that they have died - They usually man natives that might explain our observations. The following
a state of mental confusion, presenting two or more of the folheses have been eliminated: 1) simulation of trance; 2) sensi-
Characteristics:
- they do not know where they are or what is happening to them
- they feel that they are in total darkness
-
complain about physical pains
-
are apathetic and feel weak, tired or drowsy
a) the pioneers of the Society for Psychical Research of Londota agents induced to harm patients by means of black magic
b) the early French metapsychists; c) the studies carried outare aware of their condition
Stevenson, Osis, LeShan, Tart, Moody and others; d) Modern Phyrendering services in certain place or places
This mass of information cannot be disregarded under the claimercenary, i. e., do what they have contracted to do, depending
the experiences are the outcome of fraud, mysticism, primitivihat they receive by means of black magic procedures
collective hallucination, or other labels one might want to usder to accomplish their objectives, they might also use
this because the facts have been observed and confirmed by manties unaware that they are dead.
researchers over many years of work.
mot emotionally involved with the patient
Method of Work
moral
to describe this additional interaction due to its religious ling with these entities, we noticed that they usually become
connotations. However, as we lack a more neutral word, we arein a certain dramatic moment of their lives. They may
to maintain it.
ion situations related to illness
iof an accident or quarrel
On the other hand, the hypothesis of the existence of other leino motivation to go on living and talk about suicide
of reality is supported by observations made by other research

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C) with patients that were being treated in the presence of ling with these entities, we noticed that they usually become
tives
Concerning "A": alternatives 1 and 2 are eliminated when pat of an accident or quarrel
in a certain dramatic moment of their lives. They may
ion situations related to illness
unaware of absent healing. The sensitives' perceptions coinci no motivation to go on living and talk about suicide
with patients' mental and/or physical states and a significa
improvement was observed. Coincidental improvement alone (3)ta agents induced to harm patients by means of black magic
not explain the many cases observed during these years, some, are aware of their condition
chronic symptoms. Improvement due to autosuggestion (4) can rendering services in certain place or places
eliminated as the patients did not know that, they were being tiamoral
by absent healing. As to alternatives 5,6 and 7, it is natumercenary, i. e., do what they have contracted to do, depending
sensitives to obtain information by telepathy, clairvoyance hat they receive by means of black magic procedures
-world ESP". However, what we are reporting here is that a arder to accomplish their objectives, they might also use
improvement occurred in patients that had been presenting paties unaware that they are dead.
logical disorders. The mere perception by the sensitives of @mot emotionally involved with the patient
emotional states or symptoms by means of telepathy, clairvoye
or "this-world ESP" would not have removed them. Improvementita agents that intentionally try to harm patients
happened after our work with the theta agent or agents invol may be aware or unaware that they have died
the case.
intion of harming is due to revenge
ionally involved, as they feel they have been victimized by
Concerning "B" and "C": After the above discussion the only lent
that might be said is that patients improve due to autosuggestines an entity of this type is not harming the patient
However, when the patient does not know he is being treated intionally; he remains at his side, claiming to love him
still improves, autosuggestion is eliminated. When patients
aware of the absent healing autosuggestion cannot be totallyfta agents that share and enjoy patients' activities
nated, but it would be only one single component of a group may be aware or unaware that they have died
factors responsible for his improvement.
Er interaction with patients might become symbiotic
jiosis is directly related to the pleasure obtained in the
Traction, i.e., they are interested in the pleasure provided
the patient and not in the patient himself
Conclusion:
Our experience leads us to take into account in a more extent
the individual vs. environment. We have noticed that envirome
influences can be twofold: a) originating from the envir mechanism of interaction between a theta agent and a patient is
ceived through . physical senses and b) originating from anoth,
one-sided as it might seem. In most cases observed it was
ble to detect a feedback mechanism between the two sides.
of reality suggested by the presence of theta agents manifest
through sensitives. In view of this and according to our expe
treatment should be applied on two levels: psychoterapic
"spiritual".
ant
important to note that when we state that some persons may be
enced by an agent in another level of reality - the theta
- ve are not necessarily saying that they are the cause of
isorder. The individual himself, due to his particular nature,
The success of this latter type of therapy depends on the sat
factors and variables that also intervene in traditional then predisposed - open - to the influence exerted by the theta
The acceptance of another level or reality helps to understand
As to the factor that triggers the whole process, it is not
"'s found in the patient's physical and perceptible environment
it may also be a combination of both.
patient's reality more holistically, as one level complements
other. This approach, however, should not be considered a min
way of healing. For example, if a theta agent that has been
encing a patient for some time is removed, its removal does 05100
always cause the immediate elimination of the effects, because opting for the theta agent hypothesis, we analysed several
to his maladjustment, the patient himself has thrown up defermatives that might explain our observations. The following
deal with his own problems. That is why psychotherapy is basibeses have been eliminated: 1) simulation of trance; 2) sensi-
this type of treatment.
's subconscious; 3) coincidental improvement of the patient;
[to-suggestion on part of the patient; 5) telepathy; 6) clair-
It is also important to emphasize that when using this type qce; 7) "this-world ESP" (as described by Price)
approach as an aid to psychotherapy and before placing the pa
next to a sensitive, the psychotherapist should know his pati hypotheses were analysed in relation to three types of
very well, be aware of his internal resources, and should alement:
carefully evaluated the prognosis of a traditional treatment,
Ith patients that were unaware that they were given absent
saling
ith patients that knew that they were being given absent healing
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349

lay type of treatment, the patient's active participation
C) with patients that were being treated in the presence oftowards his recovery. He has to be made aware of his
tives
Dibility for what is happening, so that he can avoid tuning
theta agents that may trigger or aggravate his maladjustment.
Concerning "A": alternatives 1 and 2 are eliminated when pat
unaware of absent healing. The sensitives' perceptions coindolute or relative success of this combined therapy depends,
with patients' mental and/or physical states and a significatraditional psychotherapy, on the patient's age, the length
improvement was observed. Coincidental improvement alone (3) maladjustment, his internal resources, environment, etc.
not explain the many cases observed during these years, somest can be applied at a distance or in the patient's presence.
chronic symptoms. Improvement due to autosuggestion (4) cant the number of weekly psychotherapic sessions influence
eliminated as the patients did not know that, they were being tects, intervals between such "spiritual" treatment can also
by absent healing. As to alternatives 5,6 and 7, it is nature the end result. Balance between these two types of therapy
sensitives to obtain information by telepathy, clairvoyance therefore, also be evaluated in each case.
-world ESP". However, what we are reporting here is. that a g
improvement occurred in patients that had been presenting pountage of this combined approach is that it opens up new
logical disorders. The mere perception by the sensitives offlities for patients whose prognosis of recovery are remote
emotional states or symptoms by means of telepathy, clairvoyadent on extensive psychotherapy. Therefore, it is not
or "this-world ESP" would not have removed them. Improvement in cases where traditional psychotherapy alone can be
happened after our work with the theta agent or agents involive.
the case.
ice:
J. and Samuel, A. Healing at a Distance: Some Evidences
However, when the patient does not know he is being treated tive of Theta Agent Influence in Psychological Disturbances.
still improves, autosuggestion is eliminated. When patients seedings of the Third International Conference on Psycho-
aware of the absent healing autosuggestion cannot be totally Research. Tokyo, 1977, Vol. II, 481
nated, but it would be only one single component of a group
factors responsible for his improvement.
Conclusion:
Our experience leads us to take into account in a more extem
the individual vs. environment. We have noticed that envirom
influences can be twofold: a) originating from the environme
ceived through . physical senses and b) originating from anoth
of reality suggested by the presence of theta agents manifest
through sensitives. In view of this and according to our expe
treatment should be applied on two levels: psychoterapic
"spiritual".
The success of this latter type of therapy depends on the sam
factors and variables that also intervene in traditional the
The acceptance of another level or reality helps to understa
patient's reality more holistically, as one level complements
other. This approach, however, should not be considered a min
way of healing. For example, if a theta agent that has been
encing a patient for some time is removed, its removal does
always cause the immediate elimination of the effects, becaus
to his maladjustment, the patient himself has thrown up defe
deal with his own problems. That is why psychotherapy is basi
this type of treatment.
It is also important to emphasize that when using this type
approach as an aid to psychotherapy and before placing the pa
next to a sensitive, the psychotherapist should know his pati
very well, be aware of his internal resources, and should als
carefully evaluated the prognosis of a traditional treatment,
.
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Concerning "B" and "C": After the above discussion the only
that might be said is that patients improve due to autosugge