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Approved ForRelease:2000/08/1-1IstDIA-RDP96:00792R000700660008.s periment with
für Demoskopie," Allensbach (Lake of Constance) on the at-
titudes of the adult population of Western Germany towards
astrology. Whilst about half of those interviewed deny any rela-
tion between human destiny and the stars, approximately 30%
believe it to be a fact and to the rest it seems not impossible.
More than half of the population sympathizes more or less with
astrology, but in most cases this attitude is derived exclusively
from acquaintance with popularized "horoscopes" of the
newspapers. Only 7% know their individual horoscopes, but
69% the sign of the Zodiac corresponding to the month of their
birth. The sympathizers are classified according to different
points of view: sex, schooling, belief in series of luck and ill
luck, sensitivity to meteorological influences etc. The investiga-
tion shows that the belief in astrology which is widespread in all
classes of the population presents an important problem of men-
tal hygiene. - DA
110. Jung, Carl Gust. v. An astrological experiment.
Zeitschrift für Parapsychologie und Gren zgebiete der
Psychologie, 1957, 1 (2/3),
1-92. 2 refs. - This paper follows
from the second chapter of the author's book, Sonchronicity: An
Acausal Connecting Principle, i
which he describes a statistical
investigation into the relation of factors of the horoscopes of
married people according to the notions of traditional astrology.
The total results exceeded chance and are interpreted by the
author as synchronicity; that is, a significant arrangement in-
duced by the expectations of th
chetypal conditions. His invention
experimenter based on ar-
has often been
misunderstood. It was not a question of an astrological research
of marriage but of a work on the behavior of figures to which a
certain autonomy is due. In situations stimulating an ar-
chetype- and astrology belongs to them - figures under the in-
fluence of an arranging may correspondto the emotional expec-
tation. Synchronistical events of thiskind have a range of
acausality, freedom and meaningf
in nature as their
background which is complementary coercion, mechanics,
and senselessness. - DA
111. Gauquelin, Michel. The influences of the stars and
statistics. Zeitschrift für Parapsychologie und Grenzgebiete
der Psychologie, 1957, 1 (2/3, 102 123 .- Describes his
statistical experiments on the influence of the stars on humans.
He intends to put the controversy on the reality or illusion of
astrology on a scientific level.
On the one hand, his experiments led him to the conclusion
that astrology as such has no objective realey; on the other
hand, however, he found results in a definite as conomical field,
namely the daily revolution of the stars, which forced him to
recognize, nevertheless, the existence of a connection between
human beings and the stars
The author not only discusses the investigation which led
him to such conclusionns fout also the criticism provoked by his
statements and his answers to these objections. - DA
112. Bender, Hans. Parapsychic phenomena as a fron-
tier problem of the mind. Zeitschrift für Parapsychologie
und Grenzgebiete der Psychologie, 1957/58, 1 (2/3), 124-154.
15 refs. - This paper was given as a lecture at the University of
Freiburg in a series of conferences on the "Concept and function
of the frontier in the universities." He surveys parapsychology
as the "Frontier Sc ence of the Mind." The historical develop-
ment is outlined from qualitative material (regarded as evidence
by Bergson) to quantitative-statistical research, the procedure
and results of y nich are described. The author points out the
bearing of the theory of probability and the importance of spon-
taneous phen mena and qualitative mediumistic material as a
necessary background for the interpretation of statistical
results, and as an indispensable approach to analyzing the
nature of garanormal phenomena. Finally the relations of
parapsychology to other branches of science and the elements
of current hypotheses are dealt with. - DA
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113. Uslar, Detlev von. On the dreamlike structure of
telepathic assertions. Part I. Zeitschrift für Parapsychologie
und Grenzgebiete der Psychologie, 1957/58, 1 (2/3), 166-188. 1
ref. - Images induced by telepathy for the most part do not
represent reality in a distinct and conscious way, but rather real
facts are elaborated in a dreamlike way. In verifying these im-
ages we have to use the experiences and methods of dream-
psychology.
the sensitive O. demonstrates such a dreamlike structure and
the method of its interpretation. Psychometric object was a
marriage-ring.
It became evident that the material elaborated in the telepath-
ic assertions had its origin in the conscious and subconscious
memory of two persons: the owner of the ring and his wife.
In this case the telepathic communication appears as a texture
of relations, with a marked preference for affectively accentuat-
ed material. - DA
114. Neuhausler, Anton. Precognition, time and
freedom. Zeitschrift für Parapsychologie und Grenzgebeite
der Psychologie, 1957/58, 1 (2/3), 189-201. - If we acknowledge
the existence of precognition, the idea of a fixed future is con-
nected to it. This would entail a denial of freedom as ability to
determine what is not yet determined. The elimination of time
from reality, however, is impossible. Whenever there are
material quanta (mass, energy) existing in different states ex-
cluding each other-e.g., a house that is both iman intact and in
a demolished state - then thereis time as mode of succession. In
the case of a sensitive foresee g a future event- e.g., the crash
of the house- he is in fact not able to see the real crash of the
real house. He can only see an image of the future event. The
conception of ideal images of the future does not include the
condition of their coercive powen They can be outruled by fac-
tors not contained in the determining structure. Human
freedom would be such a factor The decision for or against
human freedom lies beyond the acceptance or refusal of
precognition .- DA
115. Servadio, Emilio. Parapsychology and the reaction
of incredulity. Zeitschrift für Po wepsychologie und Gren-
zgebiete der Psychologie, 1958, 2 (1) 1-9. 3 refs. - Parapsychic
phenomena differ from recognized and familiar experiences
through their irrationality, through their divergence from the
ordinary patterns, through their improb ability and their relation
to mythical and magical positions in the history of the mind.
Analyzing the reaction of incr dulity towards parapsychic
phenomena, the author introduces a ps cho-dynamic concep-
tion: Rational thinking having supersede | the magic mentality
with difficulty, is defended to-day by a wall-functioning mental
apparatus whenever stimulates, to the effect of a regression to
former levels of conscience. Parapsychic phenomena in their
mostly archaic structure are taken as a threat to the very basis of
the individual personality. These mechanisms of denial have to
be recognized in the same vay as the opposite tendencies of an
uncritical credulity. It is only in this way hat an approach to
scientific objectivity is reade possible. - DA
116. Tenhaeff, Wilhelm H.C. On the practical use of
paranormal faculties. Performances by sensitives when
used by the police or for other purposes. Zeitschrift für
Parapsychologie und Grenzgebiete der Psychologie, 1958, 2
(1), 10-29. 3 refs. - The author discusses a series of cases concer-
ning the use of sensitives by the police or for other practical pur-
poses. Apart from the relatively rare cases in which complete
success was obtained, there are many where the statements of
the sensitives were of no practical value but proved to be of
parapsychological interest. The contribution deals mainly with
the depth analysis of such failures. The author follows up the
motivation of the paranormal impressions in connection with
the sensitives' history of life. Affective factors often seem to
divert the sensitives from the task in question. Laymen should
not consult sensitives for only experts can make allowance for
the many sources of errors (e.g. telepathic transference of ex-
pectations). - DA
117. Binski, Sigurd. Performances by a single subject in
exploratory PK experiments. Zeitschrift für Parapsy-
chologie und Grenzgebiete der Psychologie, 1958, 2 (1), 30-40.
11 refs. - The author briefly reports two series of exploratory PK
experiments carried out at the Psychological Institute of Bonn
University. In the first series, 153,000 coins were thrown in
tosses of a hundred at a time. The subjects tried to determine in
advance the side onto which the coins fell through psychic in-
fluence (by willing it). In the second series, the subjects tried to
direct 26,200 balls to the targets "black" or "red" of a roulette
wheel. The total results were not beyond chance expectation
but one subject went considerably beyond the conventional
chance limits especially in the first series. This confirms some
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conclusions of importance for psi investigations. - DA
118. Strauch, Inge. A contribution to the problem of
"spiritual healing": Preliminary report on a medico-
psychological investigation. Part I. Zeitschrift für Parapsy-
chologie und Grenzgebiete der Psychologie, 1958, 2 (1), 41-64.
20 refs .- Starting from the definition of "spiritual healing" given
by Thouless, the author reports the mo" vation, the methods
and the results of an investigation which was performed by the
Medizinische Poliklinik of Fren rg Unaversity and the Freiburg
Institut für Grenzegebiete der Rochalogie und Psychohygiene
(Institute for Border Areas of Psy kology and Mental Hygiene),
concerning the activity of a "spirit ... ] healer." 650 patients were
medically and psychologically e am bed and the results of the
contact with the "spiritual heal " wer observed up to 14 mon-
ths. About 52% subjective improvement were stated, scattered
with about 15% on the various diseases (three quarters of the
patients were chronically ily. In contrast to these improvements
there were only few obje tive improvements.
Finally, the psycholog cal structure of positive reactors is ex-
amined, improved methods are proposed and the agencies of
"spiritual healing" are discussed .- DA
119. Sexauer, Hans. A contribution to the
phenomenology and psychology of the poltergeist.
Zeitschrift für Parapsychologie und Glenzgebiete der
Psychologie, 1958, 2 (2/3), 04-106. 4
efs. - Poltergeist
phenomena are of a very complex nature. At the same time they
show an objective aspect concerning the persepted data and a
subjective one, consisting of a specific emotional resonance.
The description of the phenomena and thet course make ob-
vious the illusionary and scenic charakter of any forms of pol-
tergeist phenomena. The perception of these phenomena in-
cludes qualities in close relation to the oncional expression of
anxiety.
Poltergeist phenomena may be divided into two different
groups: those of a dynamic character ass miated with persons,
and those apparently attached to certain locations. The emo-
tional qualities of these experiences hate specific parallels to
the events studied by the psychology of religion. As yet, there is
no parapsychological theory of polterge st phenomena. Former
attempts of explanation do not seem to lat the very nature of the
occurrences. Depth-psychology contributes important marginal
clues. There are striking analogies to the catat ymic pseudo-
hallucinations and to dream experience. But fron the parapsy-
chological point of view the decisive question is, whether the
phenomena do exceed the frame of the subjectivity and if so, in
which way do they .- DA
120. Ehrenwald, Jan. Do trinal compliance in
psychotherapy and problems of scientific methodology.
Zeitschrift für Parapsychologi
und Grenzgebote der
Psychologie, 1958, 2 (2/3), 127-1 4. 21 refs. - Doctrin 1 com-
pliance in psychotherapy is described as compliance by the pa-
tient with the therapist's preconscious wishes and expecations
concerning the validity of his own theoretical concept. and
favorite scientific hypotheses. I may be due to suggestion, con-
scious or unconscious, to "operant reinforcement," but it may
also be aided by telepathic leakage from the therapist to the pa-
tient. Influences of this type may be compared with the in-
evitable interference by the observer in the physical sciences
with objects studied on the nicrophysical plane. Further points
of comparison between modern physics and psychology are
various other causal and patiotemporal anomalies, common to
both quantum mechanicsand psychoanalytic theory brought up
to date by integrating
the psi factor with its system of
thought .- DA
121. Uslar, Detlev von. On the dreamlike structure of
telepathic assertions. Part II. Zeitschrift für Parapsy-
chologie und Grenzgebiete der Psychologie, 1958/59, 2 (2/3),
145-172. - The sensitive's impressions induced by the telepathic
situation often present important deviations in relation to the
material which seems to provoke the parapsychic perception. In
analyzing these deviations it becomes obvious that they repre-
sent a meaningful and interpretable product of dream
mechanisms (e.g. concentration, displacement, etc.). The author
poses the question of their origin: are these deviations produced
by the mind of the sensitive or are they elaborated by the sub-
conscious of the subject (the presumable "agent"), or are these
deviationsApproved For Release
amples shows that the deviation had its origin in the mind of the
subject. However, these considerations do not seem to exhaust
the complexity of the telepathic phenomena, which possibly
might be understood as an intrinsic reciprocity between the
psyches involved. Further research should also stress the
analysis of the unverifiable "mediumistic material" which could
perhaps indicate how the telepathic process is imbedded in the
psychism of the sensitive, and thus open the path to under-
standing the relationship between elepathy and individual
psychic life. - DA
122. Bender, Hans. Mediumistic psychoses: A contribu-
tion to the pathology of piritualistic practices. Zeitschrift
für Parapsychologie und Grenzgebiete der Psychologie,
1958/59, 2 (2/3), 173-201.29 efe - This paper on the pathology
of spiritualistic practices (tamol -tilting, ouija-board, automatic
writing, pendulum, etc.) describes by a series of characteristic
cases, typical mental disturbaaces arising in connection with
the alleged spirit-communic tien. The emotional shock, caused
by the misinterpreted expediente of the spiritual world by the
subject, is important for the pathogenesis of these disturbances
which in the German literature are termed "mediumistic
psychoses." This misinte pretation is induced by subconscious
manifestations which imply characteristic features of an in-
telligent activity. This subconscious activity is a sort of "in-
dependent thinking," hot controlled by the conscious mind.
Such a mental autom ism may resin the frame of the normal
but there is the danger of pathological degenerations arising,
which are characterized by auditory hallucinations, delusions,
compulsions, etc., which are often misinterpreted as symptoms
of schizophrenia, but with the exception of transition-cases they
are rather attributable to hysterical manifestations (ego-
weakness, deintegration, autonomous complexes). - DA
ITALIAN LANGUAGE
Spearheaded by Paola Giovetti, Ph.D., a group of Italian para-
psychologists have promised to prepare English-language ab-
stracts of the Italian parapsychological literature. In the mean-
time, Michela Alfieri of the Metapsichica Rivista Italiana di Para-
psicologia has genero sly supplied the Parapsychology Sources
of Information Center with a run of back issues. Since 1965 it
has published English-anguage abstracts, four of which are
given below.
123. Inardi, Massimo, Spiritism in Brazil. Metapsichica
Rivista Italiana di Parapecologia, 1965 (Jul/Dec), 20 (3/4),
65-84- Based on the book, Spritism in Brazil, by a Capuchin
friar, Bonaventure Kloppenburg of the Catholic University of
Rio de Janeiro, this paper describe the situation of spiritism in
Brazil. Shows by means of direct and indirect statistical data
that such practices are widely spread throughout the country.
He describes the doctrinal picture, and touches upon three prin-
cipal currents or movements into which spiritism has split in
Brazil and also the branches i to which each movement has fur-
ther divided over a period of time. He alse considers the general
and particular cases which have brought or may have brought
about such a wide and deeply rooted diffusion of these prac-
tices. Briefly describes- om an ethnological point of view - the
spiritistic-fetishistic rites, principally of African origin, with
American interaction and with Christian religious syncretism,
which are commonly known by the name of
"Umbanda."- DA/R.A.W.
124. Riccardi, Nicola. An orientation considering the re-
establishment of psychical research. Metapsichica Rivista
Italiana di Parapsicologia, 1965, (Jul/Dec), 22 (3/4),
102-111 .- In an article recently published in Luce e Ombra, the
author proposes that the vitalistic concept of the "aura" is the
turning point of paranormal phenomenology. He urges large
scientific institutions to conduct controlled research into the
aura, enlisting many teams uncompromised with spiritualism or
parapsychology to engage in free interdisciplinary operational
research in this subject. Longitudinal repetitions of mediumistic
apports in the laboratory would be likely to make it possible to
identify the permanent presence of psychical transmutations in
the mechanism of sensory perception as well. We can see, then,
the gradual nullification of the artificial walls between the nor-
mal and the paranormal. The basic hypothesis is that the events
of the psychological sphere, enlarged to include all sensations,
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