CIA-RDP96-00792R000500310001-8

Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000500310001-8
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COUNTRY : GERMANY
SUBJ :
TAKE 4 OF 4 -- MPG INSTITUTES IN NEW LAENDER DESCRIBED
REF :
BR1209083294 MUNICH MPG SPIEGEL GERMAN 3 JUN///EXTRACTION
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Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000500310001-8

Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000500310001-8
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OF CONSTITUENTS.
TEXT :
((TEXT)) -- NEUROSCIENCES
OF ALL SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES, THE NEUROSCIENCES SHOW THE HIGHEST
GROWTH POTENTIAL IN THE NINETIES.
RESEARCH WORLDWIDE IS TURNING
RAPIDLY TO THE NERVOUS SYSTEM, AND THE NINETIES HAVE THUS BEEN
DECLARED THE "DECADE OF THE BRAIN." THE INTEGRATION OF BROAD
SECTIONS OF TRADITIONAL SUBJECT AREAS INTO NEUROBIOLOGY IS CREATING
NEW SUBDISCIPLINES, AND BOTH REDUCTIONISTIC AND INTEGRATIVE
APPROACHES ARE BEING FURTHER DEVELOPED IN THE PROCESS.
THE MAX PLANCK SOCIETY FOUNDED AN INSTITUTE OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
RESEARCH IN LEIPZIG IN 1993 TO STUDY THE NEUROSCIENCES.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY IS A STILL YOUNG DISCIPLINE, ALTHOUGH IT IS
ALREADY WELL ESTABLISHED ON AN INTERNATIONAL LEVEL, OCCUPYING THE
AREA WHERE NEUROSCIENCE OVERLAPS WITH BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE.
IT
ENDEAVORS TO FIND OUT WHICH PSYCHOLOGICALLY DESCRIBABLE TASKS ARE
PERFORMED IN THE BRAIN BY WIIICH STRUCTURES AND IN WHAT FORM.
THE
PLANNED INSTITUTE WILL BE WORKING AT THE INTERFACE BETWEEN CLINICAL
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL COGNITION PSYCHOLOGY, INVESTIGATING
LINKS BETWEEN PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE BRAIN -- SUCH AS THOSE
CAUSED BY CEREBRAL THROMBOSIS, BRAIN TUMORS, OR ACCIDENTAL INJURIES
-- AND THE ASSOCIATED CHANGES IN BEHAVIOR AND EXPERIENCE. THIS
FIELD HAS RECEIVED A PARTICULAR BOOST FROM TWO RECENT DEVELOPMENTS :
IN THE FIRST PLACE, THE SCOPE OF NEUROLOGY HAS ACQUIRED A NEW
DIMENSION WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN INVASIVE ( (AS PUBLISHED) ),
HIGH-RESOLUTION BRAIN IMAGING PROCESSES (CT ( (COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY ) ),
MRT, AND PET ( (EXPANSIONS NOT PROVIDED) )). THESE PROCESSES MAKE IT
POSSIBLE NOT ONLY TO LOCATE BRAIN INJURIES WITH MUCH GREATER
PRECISION BUT ALSO TO TRACE THE ACTIVITIES OF SELECTED BRAIN
STRUCTURES IN THE WAKING STATE AND SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH THE
PERFORMANCE OF PARTICULAR ACTIONS. SECONDLY, CLINICAL
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL COGNITION PSYCHOLOGY HAVE RECENTLY
GROWN MUCH CLOSER TOGETHER UNDER THE CONCEPT OF "COGNITIVE
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY," AS A RESULT OF WHICH THE TWO BRANCHES HAVE
STIMULATED ONE ANOTHER TO A REMARKABLE DEGREE AND A MARKED
IMPROVEMENT HAS BEEN ACHIEVED IN THE IDENTIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION
OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF THE PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES THAT
TAKE PLACE IN THE BRAIN.
IN THE LIGHT OF THESE TECHNICAL AND THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENTS,
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH MAY BE REGARDED AS HAVING AN
EXTRAORDINARILY HIGH INNOVATION POTENTIAL. IT MUST ALSO BE SAID
THAT THE RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGY HAS SO FAR LARGELY
PASSED GERMANY BY.
THE MAIN REASON FOR THIS LOSS OF GROUND PROBABLY
LIES IN THE FACT THAT THE DISCIPLINES EMBRACING NEUROP: YCHOLOGY --
PSYCHOLOGY AND NEUROLOGY/NEUROBIOLOGY -- ARE TRADITIONALLY ASSIGNED
TO DIFFERENT FACULTIES AT GERMAN UNIVERSITIES AND ARE THUS KEPT
SEPARATE AT THE INSTITUTIONAL LEVEL.
THIS CHASM WILL NOW BE BRIDGED
BY AN INTERDISCIPLINARY MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE.
UNCLASSIFIED
Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000500310001-8

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A PARTICULAR FEATURE OF THE FOUNDING OF THIS INSTITUTE IS THAT IT
REQUIRES FACILITIES FOR INSTITUTIONALIZED COOPERATION WITH A
UNIVERSITY TO AN EXTENT THAT HAS NOT TO DATE BEEN THE NORM FOR MAX
PLANCK INSTITUTES.
IT IS ONLY BY WORKING CLOSELY WITH A FACULTY OF
MEDICINE WITH AN EFFICIENT CLINICAL FACILITY THAT THE INSTITUTE CAN
ENSURE ACCESS TO A SUFFICIENT NUMBER OF CHRONICALLY BRAIN-DAMAGED
PATIENTS TO BE ABLE TO WORK SUCCESSFULLY.
IN THE SAME WAY, IT NEEDS
TO BE ABLE TO WORK WITH A DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY COVERING A WIDE
RANGE OF DISCIPLINES AND OPEN TO NEUROBIOLOGICAL ISSUES.
III.
HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ( (SUBHEAD) )
ECONOMICS
THE ACCOMPLISHMENT OF GERMAN UNITY, THE LATEST STEPS IN WESTERN
EUROPEAN INTEGRATION, AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
IN EASTERN EUROPE REPRESENT MAJOR INCENTIVES AND CHALLENGES TO
ECONOMIC RESEARCH THAT IT MUST ADDRESS BY DEPLOYING, WHILE AT THE
SAME TIME CRITICALLY REVIEWING, ITS WHOLE ARSENAL OF METHODS.
NUMEROUS FIELDS OF NATIONAL ECONOMY RESEARCH ARE AFFECTED, ADDED TO
WHICH SOLVING THE PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THESE PROCESSES REQUIRES
THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ACTION STRATEGIES SUPPORTED BY RESEARCH.
ECONOMIC RESEARCH HAD PREVIOUSLY CONCERNED ITSELF MAINLY WITH THE
PROCESSES THAT OCCUR WITHIN GIVEN ECONOMIC SYSTEMS AND WITH THE
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THOSE SYSTEMS, NOT WITH CHANGES IN ECONOMIC
ORDERS PURSUED TO THE EXTREME OF TRANSFORMATION. THE INSTITUTIONAL
FRAMEWORK SURROUNDING ECONOMIC PHENOMENA AND ITS MODIFICATION HAS
CONSEQUENTLY BEEN ANALYZED BY ONLY A VERY FEW ECONOMISTS. THE
TRANSFORMATION OF THE SOCIALIST SYSTEMS REVEALED A GLARING
SCIENTIFIC GAP. THE SAME APPLIES TO THE WIDESPREAD DISREGARD FOR
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF KNOWLEDGE FOR WORK-SHARING ECONOMIES, WHICH,
AMONG OTHER THINGS, LED TO SOCIALIST SYSTEMS STILL PASSING A FEW
DECADES AGO FOR ORGANIZATIONS WHOSE PROBLEMS COULD APPARENTLY BE
SOLVED SOLELY IN ECONOMIC TERMS.
HERE TOO, THERE WERE JUST A FEW
ISOLATED RESEARCHERS WHO, DECADE AFTER DECADE, STRESSED HOW THE
KNOWLEDGE PROBLEM WAS BEING NEGLECTED IN ASSESSMENTS OF THE
ORGANIZABILITY OF SOCIALIST ECONOMIC SYSTEMS. JUST HOW MUCH THESE
SYSTEMS, PRECISELY AS A RESULT OF THEIR NECESSARILY UNECONOMIC
ORGANIZATION, LIVED ON TIIEIR ASSETS TO THE POINT OF OUTRIGHT
ECOLOGICAL RAPE IS ONLY NOW EMERGING TO THE FULL. WITH REGARD TO
THE KNOWLEDGE AND INSTITUTION PROBLEM THERE IS A LOT OF GROUND TO BE
MADE UP, AND NOT ONLY IN GERMANY, IN BASIC ECONOMIC RESEARCH, THE
RESULTS OF WHICH WILL THEN BE ABLE TO PROVIDE A BASIS FOR POSSIBLE
ECONOMIC POLICY MEASURES.
ADMIN
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Approved For Release 2002/05/17 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000500310001-8