CIA-RDP96-00792R000500260002-3

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SG11
Approved For Release 2000/08/15 * CIA-RDP96-00792R000500260002-3
CONFIDENTIAL
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SEQUENCE NR:
CXA84042709
JSER
ID: . 62272-90NOV20/14.06.17/A01
TITLE:
SOVIET ELECTRONIC DEVICES MODELED AFTER LIVING SYSTEMS
*U*
DOC REF :
BIWEEKLY SCIENTIFIC AND INTELLIGENCE SUMMARY (BSISY ), 84,
DOC NR :
AST-2660P-316-84 (AST2660P31684)
DOC DATE:
841123
FICHE NR :
DST84C020857
INF CTY :
USSR ( UR)
CLASSIF:
DWNGRADE:
CONFIDENTIAL
CLASSIFIED BY: MULTIPLE SOURCES; DECLASSIFY ON:
ORIGINATING AGENCY'S DETERMINATION REQUIRED
RELEASE :
NONE (XX )
TEXT: * U*
ENTIRE.
THE
SOVIETS ARE DEVELOPING A FAMILY OF SOPHISTICATED
ELECTRONIC
SENSORS
AND
OTHER
DEVICES THAT OPERATE ON PRINCIPLES
DERIVED
FROM BIOSYSTEMS.
THE GOAL IS TO CAPITALIZE ON TECHNOLOGICAL
PROCESSES
AND
CHARACTERISTICS
THAT
HAVE
BEEN
PERFECTED (AND ARE
EFFECTIVE) AS LIVING SYSTEMS.
*U* THIS SOVIET EFFORT IN BIONICS WAS ACCELERATED IN THE 1960'S WITH
ORGANIZED
THRUSTS IN THE FOLLOWING SPECIFIC AREAS: 1. RESEARCH INTO
RECEPTORS
AND ANALYZERS AND WORK ON PATTERN RECOGNITION (AS MODELED
ON THE
SENSORY ORGANS
OF
ANIMALS ) .
2. BASIC
RESEARCH INTO AND
MODELING
OF
NEURONS,
NERVE NETWORKS, NERVE CENTERS, AND PRINCIPLES
OF ORGANIZATION OF THE BRAIN OF LIVING ORGANISMS, WITH THE OBJECT OF
EXPLORING
THE
PATHS
FOR THEIR UTILIZATION IN TECHNICAL DEVICES AND
SYSTEMS.
3.
DEVELOPMENT OF NAVIGATION AND RADAR DEVICES AND MEANS
OF COMMUNICATION
ON THE BASIS OF NEW AND BETTER PRINCIPLES OBSERVED
IN
LIVING
NATURE.
4.
INVESTIGATING
PROBLEMS
OF
BIOMECHANICS,
BIOENERGETICS,
AEROHYDRODYNAMICS,
AND BIOCHEMISTRY ( STUDYING ENERGY
CONVERSION
AND
UTILIZATION
AND
ASSESSING
THE
EFFICIENCY
OF
MECHANICAL
SYSTEMS) . 5. GERMANE PROBLEMS, SUCH AS THE BIONIC ASPECTS
ENGINEERING
PSYCHOLOGY
( HUMAN
ENGINEERING), ARE EXEMPLIFIED BY THE
DEVELOPMENT
OF
METHODS
OF
DETECTING
AND
EVALUATING
THE
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL
POTENTIAL
OF
MAN, OPTIMAL METHODS OF TEACHING
AND TRAINING,
AND
WAYS
OF
FACILITATING THE WORKING CONDITIONS OF
HUMAN OPERATORS (I. E. , OF
BIOELECTRICAL SYSTEMS, CYBORGS, FOR THE
CONTROL OF TECHNICAL SYSTEMS) .
*U*
EXAMPLES OF SOME OF THE PAYOFFS THAT ARE BEGINNING TO APPEAR IN
THE
LITERATURE
ARE ELECTRONIC MODELS OF
NERVE
CELLS ( SEE THE 7
JANUARY
1983
ISSUE
OF
THIS
PUBLICATION,
AST-2660P-267-83).
A
PHOTOSENSITIVE
BIOMEMBRANE
( SEE
THE
PREVIOUS
ARTICLE) ,
AND
ELECTRONIC MODELS
OF
THE
EYE.
MOREOVER,
£
BIONIC
CONCEPTS
WERE
PROBABLY USED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SOVIET AIRBORNE THERMAL IMAGER.
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35-36
BIOLOGICAL
SYSTEMS
AS
A
GUIDE
TO
ENHANCING
THE
EFFICIENCY
OF
OF
THE
MAN
MACHINE
PROBLEM,
WHICH ON
THE
WHOLE
PERTAIN
TO

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CXA84042709
USER
ID: 62272-90NOV20/14.06.17/A01
SG11
*U*
THESE
EFFORTS
HAVE
CREATED
A
NEED
IN
THE SOVIET UNION FOR
ENGINEERS
AND
OTHER
TECHNICAL
PERSONNEL
TRAINED
IN
BIONICS.
CONSEQUENTLY ,
BIONICS
HAS
EMERGED AS AN INDEPENDENT SUBJECT TAUGHT
IN
MANY
ENGINEERING
SCHOOLS.
A BOOK ENTITLED, BIONICS, BIOLOGICAL
ASPECTS,
PUBLISHED
IN
1978,
IS
AN
EXAMPLE
OF
A
TEXT
WRITTEN
ESPECIALLY
FOR
ENGINEERS.
THE FIVE BASIC FIELDS OF BIONICS COVERED
IN
THIS
TEXT
ARE:
RECEPTION
AND
ANALYZER SYSTEMS, NEUROBIONICS,
BIOMECHANICS, ORIENTATION AND NAVIGATION, AND BIOENERGETICS.
*C* COMMENT: SOVIET R-AND-D IN BIONICS MIGHT BE A SLEEPER THAT COULD
SIGNIFICANTLY
INFLUENCE
FUTURE MILITARY SYSTEMS AND METHODS.
WHILE
WESTERN
ANALYSTS TEND TO FOCUS ON SOVIET TECHNOLOGY GAINS WITHIN THE
CONCEPTUAL
DOMAIN
FAMILIAR TO THE WEST, THE SOVIETS ALSO APPEAR TO
BE FOLLOWING
A PARALLEL TECHNOLOGY TRACK BASED ON BIONIC CONCEPTS.
WITHIN
GIVEN
WEAPON
SYSTEM AREAS ( E.G., SMART WEAPONS AND FIRE AND
FORGET
SYSTEMS ) ,
WHERE
THE
INFORMATION
ON THE TARGET AND TERRAIN
TRAVERSED
CAN BE KEPT TO A MINIMUM, THE SOVIET BIONIC CONCEPTS COULD
OVERCOME
MANY
SHORTCOMINGS
IN THEIR PRESENT COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY BY
SUBSTITUTING
ELEGANCE OF METHODS FOR COMPUTER POWER. IN PRINCIPLE,
SIMILAR ADVANTAGES ARE POSSIBLE IN OTHER AREAS OF TECHNOLOGY. THESE
TECHNIQUES
COULD GREATLY
ENHANCE
THE FUTURE SOVIET ABILITY
£
TO
SURPASS THE U. S. IN MANY AREAS.
*U*
COMMENT :
THE
SOVIETS COULD BENEFIT IN ANOTHER WAY FROM DEVICES
THAT
MIMIC
LIVING SYSTEMS. COMPONENTS FROM LIVING SYSTEMS TEND NOT
TO
BE
EXACTLY
ALIKE.
LIGHT
SENSITIVE DETECTORS IN THE EYE, FOR
EXAMPLE,
DO
NOT
HAVE
EXACTLY THE SAME SENSITIVITY.
OTHER SENSORS
ALSO
DIFFER
FROM
EACH
OTHER,
YET
SYSTEMS
THAT
CONTAIN
THESE
DETECTORS
ARE
HIGHLY
EFFICIENT
AND
SUFFICIENTLY
EFFECTIVE.
SIMILARLY,
THE
COMPONENTS
OF A BIONIC SYSTEM WOULD NOT NECESSARILY
S: REQUIRE
HIGH PRECISION IN MANUFACTURE AND COULD BE LESS EXPENSIVE TO
MAKE THAN COMPONENTS IN COMPARABLE TRADITIONAL SYSTEMS.
*U*
COMMENT :
THE SOVIETS ARE ALSO VENTURING INTO WHAT THEY REFER TO
AS
THEORETICAL
BIONICS.
THE ACTION OF LIVING SYSTEMS FOLLOW A SET
OF
RULES
THAT
ARE
NEITHER WHOLLY DETERMINISTIC NOR WHOLLY
STATISTICAL.
THE
DEVELOPMENT OF THEORETICAL BIONICS WILL PROBABLY
INCLUDE A SEARCH FOR THE RULES GOVERNING LIVING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY
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