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CHINESE JOURNAL OF SOMATIC SCIENCE, July 1990, pp. 32-35
INVESTIGATION INTO THE "FORCE" IN PARAPSYCHOLOGICAL WRITING
BY:
Huang Jinggen, Yu Xinghai and Shao Laijing
(Fudan University)
ABSTRACT
This article discuses use of a mechanical balance, a thermobalance and
piezoelectric crystal to study the "force" in parapsychological writing.
Within the scope of measurements during the experiment, no measurable "force"
was observed during parapsychological writing. The authors discuss the
results in the light of wave and particle dualism of matter.
"Parapsychological writing" is one form of human paranormal ability
which has been demonstrated by a large number of experiments (1-5) .
"Parapsychological writing" includes a number of complex parapsychological
phenomenon including moving the writing instrument, breaking through spacial
barriers and thought directed writing. These paranormal phenomenon cannot be
explained using modern scientific knowledge. However, the recording of
paranormal phenomena, especially of the accumulation of data on experiments
conducted using strict scientific methods must eventually approach and
disclose the truth about this unknown realm. In "parapsychological writing"
is there a "force" which corresponds to the movements of the "writing"? This
is a major topic in the thoroughgoing research into parapsychological
writing. The authors used a mechanical balance, a thermobalance and
piezoelectric crystal to investigate the force in parapsychological writing.
We discovered that it was a type of "imaginary force" that accompanies the
movements of parapsychological writing. Within the parameters of measurement
in the experiment, there was no common physical measurable quality.
THE EXPERIMENTS
1.
THE MECHANICAL BALANCE
The balance was a semiautomatic TG328B balance. It has a glass cover.
Its lower limit is 0.1 mg. On the left hand plate of the balance we placed a
plastic film canister. Inside the film canister we placed a square of white
paper. The lid to the film canister was open just a crack. On the right
hand plate of the balance we placed a weight piece of equal weight so the
balance would be kept level with the pointer at the zero marking (see
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illustration one) . After observing for five minutes, there was no movement
in the pointer. However, it would move if one less or one more mg weight
piece would be added. On a concrete platform outside the balance cover we
placed a fountain pen. The test subject was Little Ji. The experiment
required that she use her thought to "write" or "draw" on the paper in the
film canister with a black ink fountain pen. She was to concentrate her
thoughts on this to the exception of everything else.
We conducted a total
of nine experiments, of which three were successful. Each experiment lasted
for 15 to 25 minutes. The words and drawings were all black like the ink in
the fountain pen used in the experiment. In the three successful
experiments, two had clear characters and drawings (see illustration two) and
the other had fairly blurry circles and dots. Neither of two observers saw
the mechanical balance move at all, demonstrating that the film canister was
not under any observable "outside force".
ILLUSTRATION ONE:
DIAGRAM OF THE MECHANICAL BALANCE
1.
Film canister
2.
Blank paper
3.
Pointer
4.
Scale graduations
5.
Glass cover
6.
Balance pan
玻罩
2
# +3
白纸
暗盒
-
6
标尺(4)
天平盘
ILLUSTRATION TWO:
RESULTS WITH MECHANICAL BALANCE
特异书写
-
1
特异书写
2
A. 8 MAY 1989
12 MAY, 1989
1.
Parapsychological writing
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2.
THE THERMOBALANCE
A thermobalance is an instrument which gives a continuous recording of
the relationship between mass and temperature. Normally, the procedure is to
control the temperature by heating or cooling the sample material or to
maintain the sample at a constant temperature. In our experiments, the
temperature was constant at room temperature, and the lowest measurable unit
was 0.05 mg. Illustration three shows a diagram of the arrangement. In the
experiment a blank piece of tape was stuck to the crucible arm, the arm was
covered with a glass tube to keep air currents from affecting the experiment.
The test subject, Little Ji, sat at the edge of the table 0.5 meters from the
balance with her back to the instrument. On the table we placed a fountain
pen (to discriminate colors we used fountain pens with blue and green ink) .
The experiment required that the subject use her thoughts to "write" on the
white tape with the fountain pen. During the experiment, those administering
the experiment always observed the progress of the experiment from the side,
and the automatic recorder drew the weight/time graph. Ten experiments were
conducted in all, and three of these were successful. Each experiment lasted
approximately 20 minutes. The "writing" was always dots and the same color
as the ink used in the fountain pens in the experiment. On one occasion the
"writing" was green, and on two occasions it was blue.
ILLUSTRATION THREE:
DIAGRAM OF THERMOBALANCE ARRANGEMENT
0
2
炉子
温度控制
3
1
胶布
温度对时间曲线
1
重量对时间曲线
5天平
重量记录
-
Illustrations four and five show the dots "written" on the tape mentally
by Little Ji.
The automatic recorder weight/time graph came out as a
straight line. There was no change in weight, demonstrating that there was
no function of "force" in the "parapsychological writing".
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1.
Oven
2.
Temperature control
3.
Temperature/time graph
4.
Tape
5.
Balance
6.
Weight recorder
7.
Weight/time graph

.
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ILLUSTRATION FOUR:
RESULTS OF THE THERMOBALANCE EXPERIMENT. 20 MARCH, 1989
THE "PARAPSYCHOLOGICAL WRITING" DOT WAS BLUE
-
特异书写
重量时间曲线
2)
ILLUSTRATION FIVE:
RESULT OF THERMOBALANCE EXPERIMENT 18 APRIL, 1989
THE "PARAPSYCHOLOGICAL WRITING DOT WAS GREEN.
重量时间曲线
1.
Parapsychological writing
2. Weight/time graph
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3.
THE PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL
The arrangement for the experiment was as shown in illustration six.
The experiment was conducted using four subjects with parapsychological
abilities in turn. A square piece of blank paper was stuck to a
piezoelectric ceramic strip in a paper box (in some of the experiments,
double faced carbon paper was inserted between the piezoelectric crystal and
the blank paper) . The experiment required the subjects to use their thoughts
to write a line or character on the blank paper. In the ten successful
experiments, there was no electrical signal transmitted by the piezoelectric
detector (see illustration seven), demonstrating that the piezoelectric
sensor was not able to detect the force of the "parapsychological writing" no
difference could be detected either when the fountain pen was "present" or
"not present" on the piezoelectric crystal.
ILLUSTRATION SIX:
DIAGRAM OF ARRANGEMENT OF PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL EXPERIMENT
压电陶瓷片
F-隔离板
双笔自动
平衡记录仪
(3)
5
试样盒
1
1.
Piezoelectric crystal
2.
Isolation board
3.
Sample box
4.
Fountain pen
5.
Double line automatic balance recorder
We suspected that the subjects with parapsychological abilities might be
able to transmit some kind of signal energy during the parapsychological
writing experiment that would cause the a break in the signal given off by
the piezoelectric crystal. Therefore, we used two piezoelectric plates glued
together. One plate transmitted a low frequency alternating current signal,
and the other plate was used for the parapsychological writing. The signal
was the superimposition of the two individual signals. If the electrical
signal was cut off, there would be a break in the low frequency signal on the
recorded graph. However, this never happened. Therefore, such suspicions
were eliminated.
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ILLUSTRATION SEVEN:
PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMIC EXPERIMENT.
THE "PARAPSYCHOLOGICAL WRITING" IS A HORIZONTAL LINE, BUT THE
PIEZOELECTRIC PLATE DID NOT GIVE OFF ANY SIGNAL
-压电
-
陶瓷
讯号
特异书写(P)
1.
Parapsychological writing
2.
Piezoelectric ceramic signal
DISCUSSION
The results of the experiments with the mechanical balance,
thermobalance and piezoelectric crystal are combined in table one. From
these experiments we can reach the following conclusions. 1. There is no
observable "external force" functioning in "parapsychological writing" or 2.
If an "external force" is playing a role, then it occurs extremely quickly so
the recorder or the balance does not have time enough to react. We used our
hand and paper to test the experiment instruments maximum speed (about five
mg over 0.1 second), and the instruments were always able to record or react
to the stimulus. Therefore, if there actually is a "external force" at work
in "parapsychological writing" it works over a time of less than 0.1 second.
However, considering that prior to the subjects with parapsychological
abilities completing the "parapsychological writing", they must still go
through the process of "moving the pen" and "breaking through the spacial
barrier", and it seems that the possibility is not very great that all these
actions are not detectible or "recordable" because they happen too quickly.
Therefore, we lean toward the conclusion that there is no "external force" at
work in "parapsychological writing".
The actions "moving the pen", "breaking through spacial barriers" and
"effortless writing" in the process of "parapsychological writing" cannot be
explained using current knowledge. We envisage that "wave and particle
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dualism of nature" may be one way to explain it. First, we hypothesize that:
If, just as microscopic particles such as photons, electrons and neutrons
have dual wave and particle natures, so do macroscopic bodies (such as
matter) have dual wave and particle natures, then such matter waves could be
viewed as the macroscopic layer de Broglio wave, and according to the
principles of quantum physics, only moving particles have "wave"
characteristics. Thus, here we hypothesize that macroscopic matter at rest
also has a wave nature. This first of all, already is a change to the
concepts of quantum physics. Presently, there is no experimental basis for
such a change. There is only a hypothesis, a hypothesis to explain the
phenomenon of paranormal abilities.
TABLE ONE: COMBINED RESULTS FROM THE EXPERIMENTS WITH THE MECHANICAL
BALANCE, THERMOBALANCE AND THE PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL
Number of
experiments
Number of
successful
experiments
Contents of
parapsychological
writing
Force
function
Mechanical
balance
9
3
Symbols and horizontal
lines
None
Thermobalance
10
3
Dots
None
Piezoelectric
crystal
More than
20 times
10
Symbols and
horizontal lines
None
It is currently generally believed that "persons with paranormal
abilities" can only manifest "paranormal phenomenon" when they enter a
"functional state." If the state which normally exists were called the
"basic state", then the "functional state" could be called the "state of
excitation". We hypothesize that the "state of excitation" is not a single
state but a multiplicity of states, and the person with paranormal abilities
carries out "paranormal actions" under different "states of excitation."
That persons with paranormal abilities transmit "thought waves" of different
frequencies under different "states of excitation."
When these "thought
waves" come into resonance with the "matter waves" of the object being used,
the "matter waves" dispersed by the matter in a condensed state being used
will be greatly increased from their original very small amount. When the
person with paranormal abilities conducts "parapsychological writing", from
what they tell us, they fist use their thoughts to imagine the "pen" and when
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the "pen" appears in their "mind", they imagine the object on which the pen
is to write (paper, tape, etc) . Finally, the 'pen" will suddenly write or
make a mark on the paper or tape in their minds with a flash and the process
is over. There are also times when the person will use thought to image the
paper or tape and then to imagine the "pen" , and finally the flash described
above. Generally, the person need only see the objects in the mind and
finally to have the "flash, and the experiment is usually a success. We feel
that the thought imagining of the person with paranormal abilities is the
process of entering the "state of excitation". When the "imagined" object
appears in the "mind", the wave band of the "state of excitation" which the
subject has entered is in resonance with the "matter wave" of the object.
being imagined. With different objects being imagined, the subjects enters
different "states of excitation. Only when the object being imagined appears
in the mind of the subject is there any possibility of success. It would
seem that the corresponding resonance of the "thought waves" of the "state of
excitation" and the "matter waves" might be an major condition for
"paranormal abilities" to occur. Because of the resonance, the "matter
waves" will be much stronger, and using the "pen" for example, after the
"pen" waves have been greatly intensified, they will pass through the
"spacial barrier" and "act" on the blank paper or tape. Only when this type
of "force" has reached a certain intensity will the "pen" be able to make a
mark on the blank paper. This is the final "flash" in the mind of the person
with paranormal abilities. However, this final "flash" may also be
hypothesized to be the person with paranormal abilities entering a new "state
of excitation", The "thought waves" of this "state of excitation" could
cause the "pen's" "matter waves" to and the "paper's" "matter waves" in the
subjects mind to produce an effect and result in "writing" being produced on
the paper (this situation is similar to the effect of a catalyst in
chemistry). Because the effect is produced in the form of waves, it would
not have any measurable mass, and although there would be signs of "writing"
left behind, it would not manifest any quantity of "force".
The discussion above, is actually only an hypothesis, and our purpose is
to throw out some initial ideas to attract others' opinions and to open up
the avenue of new thinking.
The discussion portion of this work was accomplished with the
participation of comrades Yan Yuanzhuang, Fang Linhu, Zhou Yingqi, Zeng
Siding and Ni Dexiang who all provided their valuable opinions.
We take this
opportunity to express our appreciation.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1.
Joint Testing Group for Somatic Paranormal Abilities, "Research in
Somatic Paranormal Abilities", 1 (1983) 19.
2.
He Qingnian and others, ibid, 2(1984) 58
3.
Shao Guangda, ibid, 1,2 (1985) 17
4.
Zhang Ming and others, ibid, 1,2(1987) 9
5.
Weng Taimeng and others, ibid, 1(1989) 14
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EFENSE
UNITE
CA
STATES OF A
DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20301
TRANSLATION
INTELLIGEN
CE
.
DEFENSE
.
.
AGENCY
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TED STATES OF AME
REQUESTER
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TRANSLATOR'S INITIALS
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TRANSLATION NUMBER
LN190-91
DATE COMPLETED
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ENCL(S) TO IR NO.
LANGUAGE
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GEOGRAPHIC AREA (li different from place of publication)
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ENGLISH TITLE OF TRANSLATION
Investigation into the "Force" in
parasychological writing
PAGE NOS. TRANSLATED FROM ORIG DOC.
32-35
FOREIGN TITLE OF TRANSLATION
AUTHOR (S)
FOREIGN TITLE OF DOCUMENT (Complete only if different from title of
translation)
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PRC, July 1990
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