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PARAPSYCHOLOGICAL
INVESTIGATIONS
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TOPICS FOR DISCUSSION
· HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
·
RESEARCH ACTIVITY
USSR/PRC ACTIVITIES
.
APPLICATION POTENTIAL
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HISTORICAL
SEMI-EXPERIMENTAL/CASE STUDIES
LATE 1700'S
--
MESMERISM
LATE 1800'S
HYPNOTISM
SOCIETY FOR
·
1882
--
PSYCHIC
AL
RESEARCH/SPR/, LONDON
1
E
·
EARLY 1900'S
-- MENTAL SUGGESTIONS/BEKHTEREV
INST. FOR BRAIN RESEARCH, USSR
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HISTORICAL
SEMI-EXPERIMENTAL/CASE STUDIES
· LATE 1700'S
MESMERISM
·
LATE 1800'S
HYPNOTISM
.
1882
--
PSYCHIC RESEARCH/SPR; LONDON
.
EARLY 1900'S
MENTAL SUGGESTIONS/BEKHTERV
INST. FOR BRAIN RESEARCH, USSR
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HISTORICAL
1917
-
STANFORD UNIV, CA
·
1930-1960
--
DUKE UNIV, DURHAM NC
·
1960-PRESENT
-
FRNM, DURHAM, NC
.
1960-PRESENT
MIND SCIENCE FOUNDATION,
SAN ANTONIO, TX
1970-1980
MAIMONIDES MEDICAL CENTER, NY
.
1970-1980
-
SRI INTER, MENLO PARK, CA
·
1980-1990
--
PSYCHOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LAB,
PRINCETON, NJ
1980-PRESENT
ANOMALIES RESEARCH LAB,
PRINCETON UNIV, NJ
·
OTHERS:
-
SEVERAL UNIVERSITY RESEARCHERS
- PRIVATE FOUNDATIONS
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TYPES OF INVESTIGATIONS
· DUKE UNIVERSITY
- FORCED CHOICE
- CASE STUDIES
· FRNM
- FORCED CHOICE
- GANZFELD/RV
- REG
· MSF
- RV
- REG
- BIO-PK
· MAIMONIDES
- DREAM TELEPATHY
- GANZFELD
· PRL
- GANZFELD
- REG
· PRINCETON U.
- RV
- REG
· SRI
- RV (RESEARCH
& APPLIED)
- REG
- THEORETICAL
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PHENOMENA OCCURRANCE SITUATIONS
..
· Waking State
- Intuitions
- Synchronicity
.
Altered/Dissociated State
- Day dreams
- Ganzfeld
- Dreams
- Hypnosis
- Trance
-
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METHODS OF ANALYSIS
· LIMITED CHOICE
- STANDARD STATISTICS
· FREE RESPONSE
- STATISTICAL/SUBJECTIVE
· DIRECT MATCHING
· RANK ORDERING
· DESCRIPTOR LIST
- CONCEPT ANALYSIS
· FUZZY SET ANALYSIS
- ACCURACY
- RELIABILITY
- FIGURE OF MERIT
· OTHER
- SUBJECTIVE SCALES
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BASIC PROTOCOL
· DOUBLE BLIND
· AUTOMATED DATA RECORDS
· DETAILS DOCUMENTED
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TARGETING/DEMARCATION
·
BEACON PERSON
· ABSTRACT
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RECENT RESEARCH
OVERALL RESULTS
· GANZFELD
- 835 SESSIONS, 10 LABS
- 38% VS 25% CHANCE
- p < 10-9
· RV
- 24,450 TRIALS OVER 15 YEARS
- p < 10-21
-21
1
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MAIMONIDES MEDICAL CENTER
OBSERVATIONS
· Vivid, potent, dynamic material is best
· Must be relaxed, passive with increase of inner
attention
· Female participants are more sensitive to colors
. Rapport, bonds, emotional tenes important
ASPECTS
· Motivation, goals are important
· Openness, self-acceptance is important
1
· Waking PSI experience is not important
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RESEARCH EXAMPLES
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Ruins of Urquardt Castle, Loch Ness, Scotland
Perception (in full):
"rocks; with uneven holes; also smoothness
height
ocean-dark, dark blue
whitecaps
waves; booming against rocks?
on mountain or high rocks overlooking water
dark green in distance
gulls flying?
pelican on a post
sand
a lighthouse ?- tall structure-round with conical roof
high windows or window space with path leading up to it
or larger structure similar to a castle
[Here there is a sketch of a castle abutment on the transcript.]
a black dog?
with longish curly hair
old, unused feeling; fallen apart?
musty or dank
moss or grass growing in walls
drawbridge ?- wood
ocean smells
[Here two sketches show the rocks and castle separated by water from the
dark green in the distance.]
flowers?
snow ice-capping a mountain?
high large, cavernous hall-castle"
Distance: 3500 miles
Time: 14.5 hours, retrocognitive
Normalized Score: . 769
z-Score: 2.194
Probability:
.014
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Danube River, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia
Perception (in part):
"I have the feeling that [the agent] is somewhere near water. I seem to
have the sensation of a very large expanse of water. There might be boats.
Several vertical lines, sort of like poles. They're narrow, not heavy. Maybe
lamp posts or flagpoles. Some kind of circular shape. Almost like a merry-
go-round or a gazebo. A large round thing. It's round on its side, like a disc,
it's like a round thing flat on the ground, but it seems to have height as well.
Maybe with poles. Could possibly come to a point on top. Seeing vertical
lines again. Seems to be a strong impression, these vertical lines. No idea
what they could be. ... A definite sensation of being outside rather than in.
Water again. ... To one side of where [the agent] is I get the feeling there's
a kind of small building. Could be a shed. ... Predominant colors seem to
be blue and green. .. . Water again. Some very quick impression of a fence,
a low fence. . . . Steps. I don't know where they're leading to. . . . The steps
sort of lead up to like a path or walkway. Like a boardwalk. And there's a
fence along it. There's people walking along it, and there's vertical lines
along that walkway. . .
Distance: 5600 miles
Time: 23.5 hours, precognitive
Normalized Score: . 884
z-Score: 3.145
Probability:
.001
CPYRGHT
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TRANSCRIPT
2500 MILES
"FLAT SEMI-INDUSTRIAL COUNTRYSIDE WITH MOUNTAIN RANGE
IN BACKGROUND AND SOMETHING TO DO WITH UNDERGROUND
CAVES OR MINES OR DEEP SHAFTS -- HALF MANMADE, HALF NATURAL --
SOME ELECTRIC HUMMING GOING ON -- THROBBING, INNER THROBBING.
NUCLEAR OR SOME VERY FAR OUT AND POSSIBLY SECRET
INSTALLATION -- CORRIDOR -- MAZES OF THEM -- WHOLE UNDERGROUND
CITY-
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1

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DIFFICULTIES
· No adequate theory
- Limits in current understanding
- Interdiciplinary needs
· Acceptability
- Lack of formal proof
- Replication difficult
- Cultural constraints
- Counterfits
· Person dependent
- Individual style
- Complex psychodynamics
- Support
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SUMMARY
· Phenomena have deep roots
· Spontaneous phenomena keep occurring
· A wide variety of research exists
- Reality demonstrated
- Progress is slow
- Goal orientation
C
Application interests continue
.
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MAIMONIDES MEDICAL CENTER
OBSERVATIONS
· Vivid, potent, dynamic material is best
· Must be relaxed, passive with increase of inner
attention
· Female participants are more sensitive to colors
·
Rapport, bonds, emotional tones important
· Motivation, goals are important
· Openness, self-acceptance is important
· Waking PSI experience is not important
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J.B. RHINE'S OBSERVATIONS
· Most subjects can do clairvoyance, telepathy
. Daily fluctuations occur
· Drugs, coffee affects
· Works at a distance
- Performance increases noted
· Rational, sensory processes interfere
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J.B. RHINE'S OBSERVATIONS
Cont'd
0
Abstraction, "concentration" required
· Major procedure changes disturb
· Conflict of purpose spoils concentration
· Self-consciousness lowers results
· Dissociation lowers capacity to concentrate
· ESP use over time does not decline
- May be cyclic
- May be below chance for negative attitude
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J.B. RHINE'S OBSERVATIONS
Cont'd
· Interest, effort, attention cause variations
· Light humorous mood best
· No evidence of further development after
brief initial period
L
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J.B. RHINE'S OBSERVATIONS
Cont'd
· Best results when both "sender and "receiver"
have talent
- Even if the "sender" is fatigued
· Results somewhat positive, even if the
"sender" has no talent
· Poor results if "receiver" has poor
talent, even with good "sender"
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*
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EVALUATION SCALES
NUMERICAL
RATING
APPROX. DEGREE OF
DATA CORRELATION
PERCENT
DESCRIPTION
0
0- 10
LITTLE OR NO CORRELATION
1
10-30
1+
30-50
2
50-70
MIXTURE OF RELEVANT
AND INCORRECT DATA
WITH MAJORITY CORRECT
AND UNAMBIGUOUS
2+
70-90
3
90-100
VERY HIGH TARGET
CORRELATION WITH
ESSENTIALLY NO
AMBIGUOUS DATA
SP5353.11
FIGURE 3
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7
.
MIXTURE OF RELEVANT
AND INCORRECT DATA
WITH MAJORITY INCORRECT

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. ...
DATA CATEGORIES
GEOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTIONS - - e.g., TERRAIN FEATURES;
WATER, MOUNTAINS
OBJECTS (LARGE SCALE)
-
e.g., AIRFIELDS, FACILITY
LAYOUT, DOCKS, SILOS
OBJECTS (SMALL SCALE) -- e.g., LASERS, TANKS, ANTENNAS
FUNCTIONS (LARGE SCALE) -- e.g., R/D, WEAPON TESTING,
PRODUCTION
FUNCTIONS (SMALL SCALE)
-
e.g., LASER TESTING, CBW
1
STORAGE, MISSILE FIRING
1
PERSONALITY DATA - - e.g., STATE-OF-HEALTH, PHYSICAL
FEATURES, BACKGROUND
1
PREDICTIVE - - e.g., PLANS, INTENTIONS, FUTURE LOCATIONS,
FUTURE ACTIONS/ ACTIVITY
1
1
-
FIGURE 2
-
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6

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J.B. RHINE'S OBSERVATIONS
Cont'd
· Best results when both "sender and "receiver"
have talent
- Even if the "sender" is fatigued
Results somewhat positive, even if the
"sender" has no talent
· Poor results if "receiver" has poor
talent, even with good "sender"
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.
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J.B. RHINE'S OBSERVATIONS
Cont'd
· Interest, effort, attention cause variations
· Light humorous mood best
-
· No evidence of further development after
brief initial period
-
1
:
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J.B. RHINE'S OBSERVATIONS
Cont'd
· Abstraction, "concentration" required
· Major procedure changes disturb
· Conflict of purpose spoils concentration
· Self-consciousness lowers results
· Dissociation lowers capacity to concentrate
· ESP use over time does not decline
- May be cyclic
- May be below chance for negative attitude
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J.B. RHINE'S OBSERVATIONS
. Most subjects can do clairvoyance, telepathy
. Daily fluctuations occur
· Drugs, coffee affects
· Works at a distance
- Performance increases noted
· Rational, sensory processes interfere
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GENERAL TERMINOLOGY
.
ANOLMALOUS PHENOMENA
·
PARANORMAL PHENOMENA
·
PARAPSYCHOLOGY
.
EXTRAORDINARY HUMAN FUNCTION
.
PSYCHOENERGETICS
· BIOFIELD PHENONEMA
.
PARAPHYSICS
·
PSYCHIC RESEARCH
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DESCRIPTIVE TERMINOLOGY
INFORMATIONAL
ANOMALOUS COGNITION (AC)
·
REMOTE VIEWING (RV)
·
EXTRASENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP)
- TELEPATHY
- CLAIRVOYANCE
- PRECOGNATION/POSTCOGNITION
- OTHER
ENERGETIC
- PSYCHOKINESIS (PK)
- - BARK
- ANOMALOUS PERTUBATION (AP)
- OTHER
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---

US
IS
Approved For Release 200 R03/07 CIR-RDP96-90789R002600300001-0
KEY
HISTORICAL
.
2 -- STANFORD UNIV. CA
4
·
1930-1960
DUKE UNIV, DURHAM NC
·
1950-1470 PRESENT
-
-
PARAPSYCHOLOGY FOUNDATION, NY, NY.
·
1960-PRESENT
-
FRNM, DURHAM, NC
.
1960-PRESENT
MIND SCIENCE FOUNDATION,
SAN ANTONIO, TX
1970-1980
MAIMONIDES MEDICAL CENTER, NY, NY
.
.1970-1980
-
SRI INTER, MENLO PARK, CA
1980-1990
PSYCHOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LAB,
PRINCETON, NJ
-
1980-PRESENT
ANOMALIES RESEARCH LAB,
PRINCETON UNIV, NJ
OTHERS:
-
SEVERAL UNIVERSITY RESEARCHERS
- PRIVATE FOUNDATIONS
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1