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Final Report
January 1982
....
DATABASE MANAGEMENT FEASIBILITY (U)
. .. .... ....
Prepared for:
DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20301
Attention:
SG1J
DT-1A
CONTRACT MDA903-81-C-0292
SPECIAL ACCESS PROGRAM FOR GRILL FLAME.
RESTRICT DISSEMINATION TO ONLY INDIVIDUALS WITH VERIFIED ACCESS.
SRI
International
333 Ravenswood Avenue
Menlo Park, California 94025 U.S.A.
(415) 326-6200
Cable:
SRI INTL MPK
TWX: 910-373-2046
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SRI International
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Final Report
Covering the period October 1980 to September 1981
January 1982
DATABASE MANAGEMENT FEASIBILITY (U)
By:
EDWIN C. MAY
Prepared for:
DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20301
Contract No: MDA903-81-C-0292
SRI Project 3279-7
C
D
SRI
International
Approved by:
ROBERT S. LEONARD, Director
Radio Physics Laboratory
DAVID D. ELLIOTT, Vice President
Research and Analysis Division
Copy No.
6
This document consists of 12 pages.
SRI/GF-0010
CLASSIFIED BY: DT-1A
REVIEW ON: 31 January 2002
CONFIDENTIAL
333 Ravenswood Avenue . Menlo Park, California 94025 . U.S.A.
(415) 326-6200 . Cable: SRI INTL MPK . TWX: 910-373-2046
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CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES.
iii
I
OBJECTIVE.
1
II
INTRODUCTION
·
2
III
DISCUSSION
3
·
IV
CONCLUSIONS
8
V
RECOMMENDATIONS .
9
·
.
11
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TABLES
1
Resource Assessment Summary.
2
Training Target Data
4
6
iii
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I OBJECTIVE
The objective of this program is to develop concepts and materials
to determine if remote viewing data can be placed on a computerized data-
base-management system for each access and manipulation.
1
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II
INTRODUCTION
The manipulation of textual data was among the earliest applications
of digital computers. From these earlier uses, it was immediately apparent
that two separate requirements should be imposed on data-base management
(DBM) designers:
. Develop task specific DBM programs.
· Develop generalized DBM programs that allow any
specific application to be designed at a later time
by the end-user.
The first requirement was easily met. An abundance of data-base management
systems (DBMS) for specific tasks exist that handle everything from general
accounting for business to map generation by graphic DBM. The second
requirement, however, has not yet been adequately realized. Although
many computer vendors offer generalized DBM design programs, they all
appear to be of limited use when applied to a specific set of design
requirements. The problem of creating a DBM design program is not trivial;
to be useful to the widest possible audience, it must be very general.
Yet, this very generality makes the final DBM cumbersome to use.
This report describes test applications of a commercial DBMS to remote
viewing (RV) data and recommends a threefold approach to the general problem
of RV DBM.
2
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III
DISCUSSION
In the Grill Flame mid-year report, we demonstrated the use of a
*
commercially available data-base management (DBM) program applied to two
problems in RV data management. The first of these was the categorization
and display of the results of a simulated RV analysis data base. Using
the tentative assessment form, which operating RV analysts had suggested,
*
we analyzed 25 RVs each for 4 remote viewers. Table 1 shows a character-
istic output from this data base, which is repeated here from
The column headings are the seven categories taken from the assessment
form. Under each category the remote viewers are listed in ascending
order of assessment averaged over all viewings to date for that category.
For example, we note that remote viewer 007 was least successful at
obtaining information about the geography of a site. However, when every-
thing is considered, remote viewer 007 had the best overall utility. This
and similar information might have been overlooked with manual inspection.
The row below the dashed lines contains the averages for each column, which
can be considered as the "facility" assessment for each category. For
example, the represented facility does best on geography elements and
second best when targeted against activity at the remote site.
SG1J
WHO
DO WE HAVE
A CÍ
VALID ?
In a second example, we have used a DBMS to organize and manage a
growing number of training targets from the National Geographic (375 as
of this report). Our RV enhancement effort currently involves four
remote viewers, six interviewers, four target preparers, and numerous
target selection criteria.
With this level of complexity and a growing
SG1J
*
"DOD GRILL FLAME Progress Report (U)," presented at Mid-Year
GF Meeting at DIA on 30 April 1981 (April 1981, SECRET).
3
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Table 1
RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SUMMARY
(23 Apr 1981)
Geography
Elements
LS
Elements
SS
Ambience
Activity
Personnel
Utility
ID
Ave
ID
Ave
ID
Ave
ID
Ave
ID
Ave
ID
Ave
ID
Ave
007
1.39
712
1.15
007
0.71
712
0.95
712
1.14
007
0.53
712
0.55
126
1.44
126
1.33
712
0.73
126
1.50
126
1.62
531
1,21
531
1.38
531
1.59
531
1.57
531
1.31
531
1.75
531
1.75
712
1.56
126
1.55
712
2.63
007
2,09
126
1.56
007
1.81
007
1.86
-
126
2.00
007
2.63
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
1.76
1.53
1.08
1.50
1.59
1.32
1.53
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4
*
Average of each column.
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number of targets, a DBMS was mandatory to avoid duplication and to provide
target statistics.
As an example of the DBMS output, Table 2 shows a small portion of
the existing data. The targets were selected solely on the basis of their
use as calibrations for operational RV sessions. They are displayed
chronologically as a demonstration of a sorting procedure.
Both of the above DBM applications were done on a large-scale PRIME 750
computer using the PRIME Corporation's POWER+ packaged DBMS. In spite of
the computing power of the PRIME 750 and generality of POWER+, four
specific problems were identified: This DBMS:
(1)
Did not allow for the formation of specific data
records that contained parts of separate records
from the remaining data base.
(2)
Did not easily allow a change of data base.
(3)
Did not allow for tree structures.
(4)
Can be installed on the SRI International's
PRIME 400 at a cost of $75,000 to $125,000.
Table 1 is an example of the first problem described above. The simulated
data base was entered and stored by grouping together all the parameters
from the analysis of a single remote viewer for a single operational
session. Yet, to provide the summary information in Table 1, we must
collect scores and IDs from across many sessions. In fact, Table 1 was
manually constructed to demonstrate a concept and was beyond the capability
of POWER+.
The second problem applies to both DBM examples. In developing the
designs of the respective data bases, it was necessary to modify them in
progress to assure an optimum configuration. POWER+ requires that all the
data be reentered into the new design. Although POWER+ has a file conver-
sion capability that makes possible reentry of data from a disc, it was
cumbersome; therefore, we decided to reenter the data manually.
=
WHICH IS
MORE
CUMBERSOME
È PEOPLE
INTENSE V
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DOES
THIS IN-
FER THAT
THIS IS
BEST COM.
MERCIAL
DBMS &'
IT WON'T
WORK.
WHAT
powy
uon*

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Table 2
TRAINING TARGET DATA
(23 April 1981)
Date
Time
Latitude
Longitude
Target Location
Monitor
Class
Preparer
15 Feb 1980
1021
42°34'N
08° 44'E
Calvi, Corsica
Puthoff
C
Unknown
3 Mar 1980
0910
11º26'S
53° 04'W
Campo de Diauarum, Brazil
Puthoff
B
Unknown
3 Mar 1980
0917
14° 00'N
121º 00'E
Lake Taal-Luzon, Phillipines
Puthoff
B
Unknown
3 Mar 1980
1000
12º30'N
70° 00'W
Aruba Island, Lesser Antilles
Puthoff
C
Unknown
1 Jul 1980
0900
21°38'N
157°04'₩
Oahu, Hawaii
C
Unknown
1 Jul 1980
0952
31º30'N
35°30'E
Dead Sea, Israel/Jordon
C
Unknown
2 Oct 1980
0820
18°29'N
66°08'W
San Juan, Puerto Rico
Puthoff
C
Puthoff
2 Oct 1980
0900
58º12'N
06°23'W
Stornoway Lewis Is., Scotland
Puthoff
C
Unknown
2 Apr 1981
0905
34º40'S
58°30*₩
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Puthoff
C
Harary
2 Apr 1981
0945
45°30'S
165°30'E
Dusky Sound, New Zealand
Puthoff
B
Harary
3 Apr 1981
0807
22°30'N
88°20'E
Calcutta, West Bengal-India
C
Harary
3 Apr 1981
0815
51°13'N
04°25'E
Antwerp, Belgium
C
Harary
3 Apr 1981
0840
41º 02'N
28°57'E
Istanbul, Turkey
C
Harary
3 Apr 1981
0920
39° 44'N
44°23'E
Mt. Ararat, Turkey
B
Harary
3 Apr 1981
1010
35° 09' N
32° 47 'E
Vouni, Cyprus
B
Harary
3 Apr 1981
1015
4150'N
71º28'W
Providence, Rhode Island
C
Harary
6 Apr 1981
0817
00° 14'S
78º30'W
Puthoff
C
Harary
6 Apr 1981
0824
39°18'N
76°38'₩
Baltimore, Maryland
Puthoff
B
Harary
6 Apr 1981
0827
36°36'N
83° 401W
Cumberland Gap, Kentucky-Tennessee-Virginia
Puthoff
B
Harary
6 Apr 1981
0835
00° 19'N
32°35'E
Kampala, Uganda
Puthoff
B
Harary
6 Apr 1981
0845
37º37'N
79°33'₩
Natural Bridge, Virginia
Puthoff
B
Harary
6 Apr 1981
0930
13º32'S
71º57'W
Cuzco, Peru
Puthoff
B
Swann
6 Apr 1981
0936
28°59' N
13º40'W
Montana del Fuego, Lanzarote Canary Island
Puthoff
B
Swann
6 Apr 1981
0945
51°29'N
00°38'W
Windsor Castle, Windsor England
Puthoff
B
Swann
7 Apr 1981
0940
29°25 'N
98°30'W
San Antonio, Texas
Puthoff
B
Harary
8 Apr 1981
0836
20°19'N
103°10'W
Chapala Lake, Mexico
Puthoff
B
Swann
8 Apr 1981
0956
33º39'S
78°58₩
Robinson Crusoe Is., Juan Fernandez Island
Puthoff
B
Unknown
8 Apr 1981
1116
51º51'N
01º21'W
Blenheim Palace, Oxon England
Puthoff
B
Swann
8 Apr 1981
1119
60° 00'N
152° 00'₩
Cook Inlet, Alaska
Puthoff
B
Swann
9 Apr 1981
0845
03° 02 'S
37° 20'E
Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
Puthoff
C
Humphrey
9 Apr 1981
0923
38°22'N
110°21*W
Canyonlands Park, Utah
Puthoff
B
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Quito, Ecuador
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The third problem arises in a training evaluation environment. The
target management data shown in Table 2 displays only a small portion of
the data that is available for each of the targets. Each target is
classified as to the principal type of target with regard to large-scale
geographical features (e.g .; a body of water, an island, or a mountain).
For purposes of evaluation, it is necessary to know details of each of
these major features. For example, one may want to determine how many
targets had "muddy streams" as the particular form of "water." POWER+
was incapable of providing this capability. Thus, only a coarse target
classification was possible. A "tree-structured" data base is one of the
easiest solutions for this problem. A properly designed tree structure
allows for easy modification and simple implementation of complex searches
such as the one described above.
It is not that tree-structured data-base systems do not exist.
Rather, they tend to be large (require large main-frame memories ) and
require fast processors. Typically, these data bases include a large
number of features that are not required in our application and unneces-
sarily burden the speed/memory requirement of the system.
The deficiencies described here are not unique to POWER+. Each
commercially available DBMS will have similar problems with regard to
our application. However, there are portions of our application that may
have reduced requirements and can be solved with simple data-base manage-
ment systems.
so vou
BUY THE ONE
THAT BEST
SUITS THE
NEEDS !
BROAD
GENERALI -
ZATION 8
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IV
CONCLUSIONS
Depending upon the exact data-base design criteria, commercially
available DBMS may possibly be applied to RV data and target management
on a limited basis. Such systems are available for a combined hardware/
software cost of approximately $5,000. These systems have the added
advantage of being "desk-top" size and are single user so that the entire
system may be maintained within a secure environment.
If we consider the security requirement of the general GRILL FLAME
SMOKE
program and budget constraints, we conclude that:
SCREEN !
·
Full data-base management of RV data is possible,
but must be developed in house.
. A complete DBMS must be self-contained, flexible,
and operate as a single-user on a micro-mini-computer.
WHY PAY A PHD
@ MUCH $ PER/HR
TO DO THIS
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V
RECOMMENDATIONS
As a result of the demonstration applications, discussed in the body
of this report, and of a survey of available DBM systems, we recommend a
threefold approach to implement computerized DBM of RV data, RV training,
and psychoenergetic intelligence information.
We recommend:
(1)
That a complete DBMS be purchased to facilitate
training. This system would be exclusively used
for training target management and can be completely
maintained within the training program.
(2)
That a micro-mini-computer-based DBM system be
developed that is tailored to the RV requirements
to provide optimal evaluation and management of
operational RV sessions.
(3)
That the requirements of such a system first be
defined to initiate development of a psycho-
energetic intelligence data-base system. These
requirements would then aid in identifying the
particular DBMS that is needed.
WHY DON'T WE
SEND JOE'S
WORK TO
HIM
DON'T THEY HAVE
BETTER THINGS FOR
HIM TO DO !
CMT : THIS COULD HAVE
BEEN DONE BY AN
INTERMEDIATE SYS
ANALYST. WHY DII
WE SPEND THE
TIME AND MONEY
HAVING A PHD DO
IT
POOR MGT!
J/28 MAY 82
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