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29 OCTOBER 1980
REMOTE PERTURBATION TECHNIQUES (U)
MANAGERIAL SUMMARY
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I. (U) BACKGROUND
(S) There have been many reported accounts of phenomena variously known as
telekinesis, psychokinesis, teleportation, etc. Most of these accounts are
clearly derived from carefully staged tricks which are revealed whenever they
are studied under controlled and well recorded conditions. There are a few,
however, which describe serious research by reputable investigators. Included
among these are experiments in which the subject attempts to perturb, by mental
processes alone, the outcome of an otherwise random event. This kind of remote
perturbation experiment is appealing in that it involves no subjective
interpretation - the results may be expressed entirely in probabilistic terms.
Appendix A of Reference 1 contains a summary description of these experiments.
As an overall evaluation of this data base, it is unlikely that the apparent
RP effect is simply an artifact of selected reporting by the laboratories
involved. Even if one were to assume that there were ten unreported nonsignifi-
cant experiments for each reported significant one, the entire expanded data
base would still show significant effects with odds against chance of better
than 2000:1.
(S) There are, however, two characteristics of this data base which pose
problems. First, the effects are rarely stable with one individual's RP
effort - the quoted results being averages over a number of individuals.
Secondly, the physical environment of the random event sources and associated
electronics was not discussed in any detail for any of the experiments, so it
is possible that some of the effects may be the result of normal and possibly
subtle electronic interference. This experiment is designed to replicate the
type of experiments described in the data base under more rigorously controlled
conditions in order to evaluate the claims of having demonstrated the RP
phenomenon.
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(S) While this experiment can not prove or disprove the existence of RP
phenomena, the findings discussed in the referenced appendix do strongly
indicate that further research is appropriate. In view of the obvious
military value of being able to disturb sensitive enemy equipment, it is to the
advantage of the Army to assess the validity of RP claims.
(S) Two separate but technically identical RP experiments on random number
generators were undertaken at SRI International and at the US Army Missile
Command (MICOM). The director of this program is under the oversight of a
committee of three senior scientists/managers at MICOM.
II.
(U) PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE
(U) Work began on this program in the first quarter of FY 79. The contract
for the experiment at SRI International became effective on 2 June 1979 and
continued for 14 months ( including a two-month extension). The in-house
experiment is in the final stages of data acquisition and is expected to be
complete by 31 October 1980.
III.
(U) PERSONNEL INVOLVED
a.
(U) Project Director
1 man year
b.
(U) Electronic Engineer
1/2 man year
c. (U) Oversight Committee
(three persons)
d. (U) Experimental Subjects
(fifteen persons)
IV.
(U) FUNDING
RDT&E Funds (P/VI)
$400,000
GDIP Funds (P/III)
0
TOTAL
$400,000
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V. (U) TESTS UNDERTAKEN AND METHODS USED
(U) Expressed in simplest terms, the contractor/in-house experiments may
each be described as follows (Appendix B of Reference 1 gives a detailed
technical description) :
a. (S) A truly random sequence of 0's and 1's (binary sequence) is
generated by processing and sampling the behavior of a noise source or random
event generator (REG).
b. (S) The RP participant is instructed to bias the composition of
the sequence in favor of 1's or 0's by exercising mental processes.
c. (S) Feedback is provided the participant so that he can instanta-
neously be aware of the degree to which he is succeeding.
d. (S) The associated computer equipment simultaneously carries out
a statistical analysis of the sequence of digits until it can be deemed
perturbed (biased as instructed) or not, whereupon the trial is ended.
e. (S) Subsequent to a familiarization and screening period, seven
participants were selected to contribute 100 such trials each (termed a run).
f. (S) Two tests are thus undertaken, one at the US Army MICOM and
one at SRI International.
VI.
(U) OBJECTIVES
(U) The overall objectives were discussed in Section I, Background.
The
pre-established criteria for judging runs and tests are as follow:
-- Runs:
16 or more perturbed (.9 confidence)/100 trials - P <. 05
-- Tests: 2 or more significant by above criterion/7 runs - P <. 05
The .05 confidence level is typical in performance testing.
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VII.
(U) TEST RESULTS
(S) The contractor experiment met the above criteria with two significant
runs (16/100 and 17/100) out of seven. Moreover, the total of 87 successful
trials out of 700 is significant at the P = . 021 level.
(U) The in-house program is currently in the final data gathering stages.
Completion is anticipated by 31 October 1980.
(S) Control runs in the absence of experimenter and RP participants do not
show significant deviation from chance.
VIII.
(U) CONCLUSIONS
(S) Based upon the completed part of this experiment, the observed
results are improbable (1:47) if the binary stream is unperturbed (random)
while subjects are actively participating. Control runs without subject
participation, on the other hand, behave as if the binary stream were random.
Although this kind of experiment is not deterministic, when considered in the
framework of the existing data base, it is difficult to disregard claims for
the existence of remote perturbation.
(U) Final conclusions must await completion of the in-house test.
IX.
(U) RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE P/III ACTIVITY
(S) If the in-house test should not prove significant, an additional brief
phase of testing will be undertaken at MICOM using one of the successful
subjects from the SRI International test. In addition, the stored raw data
from both experiments should be reanalyzed. Only after this post-test
reassessment to see if the failure is attributable to shortcomings in MICOM
techniques or personnel should further involvement in RP be planned.
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(S) If, on the other hand, the in-house experiment is significant, the
following efforts are proposed:
a. (S) The data base should be re-examined and further testing
undertaken to see if the putative effect is attributable to actual remote
perturbation (wherein the random event generators are affected) or to
precognition (wherein the subject initiates the trial upon sensing that a
favorable sequence impends).
b. (S) If precognition is implied, the degree to which personnel
exhibit native ability or trainability in this area should be determined.
Such an aptitude should prove advantageous in tasks where the ability to
"guess" the course of events in the immediate future is involved, as in gun
or missile firing situations. The ability to precognitively anticipate
pseudo random number sequences also has implications for the way many Monte
Carlo analyses are carried out -- in particular computer war games.
c. (S) If the random event generators appear to be vulnerable to
remote perturbation, an effort should be made to determine if sensitive
equipment such as inertial guidance systems can be affected. There is also
interest in the use of some RP sensitive device placed in covert secure areas
to serve as an intrusion alarm against these areas being compromised by
enemy remote viewers.
x. (U) REFERENCES
1.
Remote Perturbation Techniques - Project Description and Experimental
Protocol (U) (Secret Report), US Army MICOM, October 1979.
2. Phase I: Hardware Construction and System Evaluation (U) (Quarterly
Reports 1 & 2) (Secret Report), SRI International 0-4267, June 1978.
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3.
Phase II Test Plan (U) (Quarterly Report 3) (Secret Report), SRI
International 0-4255, May 1980.
4.
Phase II Final Report (U) (Secret Report), SRI International 0-4406,
September 1980.
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