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OCung !!
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PROJECT
UTILITY ASSESSMENT N-1 X
(1987)
TARGET
RUSSIAN DOCUMENT STORED AT THE DIAC.
REASON FOR TARGETING
TO DETERMINE THE REMOTE VIEWER'S ABILITY AND
PROPENSITY TO COLLECT FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE
INFORMATION AGAINST DOCUMENTS SHIELDED FROM
NORMAL PERCEPTION.
TARGETING METHODOLOGY
ENCRYPTED GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES.
OPERATIONAL ASSETS
FOUR SOURCES; ELEVEN SESSIONS.
SECRET
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CPYRGHT
Л.Д. ГИК
АКУСТИЧЕСКАЯ
ГОЛОГРАФИЯ
1
Л
3
0
И2
ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВО • НАУКА•
СИБИРСКОЕ ОТДЕЛЕНИЕ
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SG1A
(
ACOUSTICAL HOLOGRAPHY
L.D. Gik
"NAUKA" Publishers
Siberian Division
1
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SG1A
USSR Academy of Sciences
Siberian Division
Science and Technical Progress
ACOUSTICAL HOLOGRAPHY
L.D. Gik
Chief Editor
Corresponding Member,
N. N. Puzyrev USSR Academy of Sciences
---
"NAUKA" Publishers
Siberian Division
Novosibirsk 1981
2
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Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00788R00170002000310
UNCLASSIFIED
dissipation in large-grained ceramics. The dynamic
possibilities of SLM based on electro-optic ceramics
may be exemplified by a Sandia 256-element page com-
poser operating at speeds up to 105 with a contrast ratio
1000:1.
(U) According to Morozov, SLM with individual
addressing may be built around paraelectrical memory-
less PLZT ceramics with higher optical switching
speeds of the order of tens of nanoseconds.
(U) Fast space-time modulators may be built
around monocrystalline segnetoelectrics, which are bi-
stable and suitable for SLM with memory. Their mech-
anism is based on the switching of spontaneous polar-
ization, which is accompanied by essential changes in
the optical properties of the crystal. Crystals of bismuth
titanate (Bi,Ti3O12) feature a small switching time of
I psec and a half-access voltage of 30 V. Large mono-
crystals of high optical quality may be obtained from
gadolinium molybdate, Gd,(MoO4)3, but their switch-
ing times are about 0.1-1 msec, which is much greater
than those of bismuth titanate.
(U) Morozov states that ferromagnetic materials
may be expected to provide a good basis for the design
of high-speed SLMs that are matrix addressable by
electrical voltage. Their true switching threshold en-
ables the design of devices with over 100 x 100 re-
solvable elements. There are published reports of SLM
designs made of orthoferrites, such as DyFeO3, YFeO3,
and YFe,Gd,O3, y = 1-x, that feature the following
parameters: 100 × 100 elements; maximal contrast,
400:1; and an optical effectiveness for the red line of
a helium-neon laser of over 15%. Writing is done by
local magnetic fields generated by current loops, one
data bit requiring 10 nsec under a current of 1 .A at most
and a current loop diameter of 100-300 um. Erasures
and rewriting may be repeated arbitrarily; the storage
time is also not limited.
(U) The Soviets hope that new materials and semi-
conductor injection lasers will enable them to overcome
difficulties due to the appreciable absorption of ferro-
magnetics in the visible spectrum and to the high cur-
rents required for magnetic flux reversal.
(U) Space-time light modulators based on multi-
channel acoustic modulators are also feasible. The light
beam is modulated and deflected by means of light
diffraction on an acoustic wave excited by piezocrystals.
A data array may be generated by means of a great
number of individually addressable cells whose number
corresponds to the number of modulation channels.
The time sequence of m electrical pulses in n channels
is transformed by the modulator into a running picture
consisting of m-by-n elements.
(U) For parallel reading of a two-dimensional
array, the pulse duration of the reading beam should be
sufficiently short (about tens of nanoseconds) that a
group of successively excited acoustic signals with one
carrying frequency can be regarded as a stationary dif-
fraction grid. According to Morozov, an amplitude spa-
tial modulator has been designed with the following
characteristics: number of channels n = 34, number of
elements in each channel m = 128, power consumption
per channel 0.5 W, and length of elementary acoustic
beam 0.127 mm for modulator aperture 33.6 × 21.7
mm2. Modulator capacity is estimated as 1 Gbps. Mul-
tichannel acoustic modulators require powerful pulse
sources because the acoustic picture may be regarded as
stationary only during a period of several nanoseconds.
The major characteristics of some electrically controlled
space-time light modulators are tabulated in Table
VII.
(U) Electrically controlled SLM input data arrived
from the computer memory in electrical form into the
optical processing path. Their major task is to quickly
generate optical files; i.e., to prepare data for parallel
optical systems. Thus, they serve as interfaces between
electronic and optical channels of the computer system.
As indicated above, their throughput may run into 1012
bps and more, but currently existing modulators exhibit
a throughput of about 109 bps. Data input devices based
on lines of memory-less modulators with individual
addressing have good speed and may be addressed in
one cycle; therefore, a line of 100 elements may have
throughput of 109 to 1010 bps.
3.c. Multipositional Deflectors (U)
(U) These devices are intended for changing laser
beam spatial position according to a given law. In holo-
graphic memory systems, deflectors are used for ran-
dom access to memory locations. Deflectors may rely on
electro-optic, acousto-optic, magneto-optic, and other
physical phenomena.
(U) Electro-optic discrete deflectors are multistep
devices, each step consisting of polarizer, electro-optic
polarization plane switch, and deflector. The polarizer
linearly polarizes radiation. The polarization switch
turns by 90 degrees the input beam direction of polar- :
ization by subjecting it to an electrical or magnetic field.
It may be made of material with a linear electro-optic
effect (e.g., crystals of KH2PO4, NH,H2PO4, LiNbO3,
and many others) or a magneto-optic effect (Y3Fe,O12,
CrBr3, etc.). The deflecting element performs spatial
or angular separation of light beams with mutually or-
thogonal polarization.
(U) The basic parameters of discrete electro-optic
deflectors are as follows: number of deflection stages,
32
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TABLE VII
CPYRGHT
(U) BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME ELECTRICALLY CONTROLLED SLM*
CHARACTERISTICS
SEGNETO-CERAMIC SLM
ACOUSTO-OPTIC SLM
MAGNETO-OPTIC SLM
Modulating medium
PLZT 7/65/35
grain, 2 pm
PLZT 9/65/35
grain, 2 pm
PbMoO.
TeO2
YFeO3
Modulating effect
Double refraction
change
Double refraction
change
Refractive index
change
Refractive index
change
Faraday effect
Addressing.
Matrix
Individual
Individual
Individual
Matrix
Working aperture (cm)
3.2 × 3.2
3.0 × 0.5
3.4 × 2.2
8.6 × 75
2 × 2
Supply voltage (V)
100-200
300
Current 1 A
Complete resolution
128 X 120
128 × 1
34 × 128
100
100 × 100
Element switching
time (sec)
10-7
5.10-6
10-6
10~8
Array generation
time (sec)
5.10-7
5.10-6
10-6
10-5
Cycle time (sec)
-
5.10-
5.10-6
10-6
10-
Memory
Permanent
No
No
No
Permanent
Maximal contrast
10:1
100:1
-
30:1
350:1
Lifetime
Up to 107-1010
cycles
101
Possibly unlimited
Possibly unlimited
Possibly unlimited
*Source: Morozov, p 140.
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
number of light beam positions, working length of
radiation wave, speed (i.e., time for switching from one
resolution element to another), radiation attenuation
factor, backlighting in switched-off resolution elements,
and half-wave electrical voltage of radiation switching.
Discrete deflectors may be both one and two coordinate.
(U) The deflection of light beams by means of
acoustic waves is based on the possibility of periodic
spatial changing of medium density by means of acous-
tic waves, thus resulting in periodic spatial variation of
the medium refraction coefficient. Acoustic waves form
in the medium phase grid with a period equal to the
wavelength. When the light beam passes through a me-
dium with a sinusoidally varying refraction coefficient,
light diffraction occurs. If the light beam falls at the
running acoustic wave under a certain angle, only first-
order Bragg diffraction is observed. With alteration of
acoustic wave frequency, the direction of the deflected
beam changes. Both liquid and solid isotropic and ani-
sotropic materials may be used in Bragg deflectors.
TeO2, PbMoO4, a-HgS, a-HIO3, AgzAsSe3, and many
other materials feature high opto-acoustic effectiveness.
The following parameters characterize acousto-optic
deflectors: beam deflection angle and resolution, speed,
optical effectiveness characterized by the ratio of passed
and falling radiation intensities, switching power, cen-
tral (mean) acoustic wave frequency for which the
Bragg condition holds, and the range of control fre-
quency variations supporting light beam scanning.
(U) According to Morozov, there is a practical
possibility of building 2-D multipositional deflectors
with ~104 positions and switching frequency of up to
10 MHz and more higher, provided they are built of
the best materials: LiNbO3 for electro-optic deflectors
and @-HIO3, PbMoO4, and TeO2 for acousto-optic
deflectors.
33
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CPYRGHT
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REMOTE VIEWER'S PERCEPTIONS
. FIRST SOURCE REPORTED THE TARGET SITE AS BEING LOCATED
ON THE UPPER LEVEL, SECOND OR
THIRD FLOOR OF AN OFFICE
AREA CHARACTERIZED BY THE
PRESENCE OF "CUBICLES, DESKS,
WORK AREAS" IN A BUILDING LIKE THE DIAC. SOURCE REPORTED
THAT
THE
DOCUMENT
DEALT
WITH
SYMBOLS ASSOCIATED WITH
MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS AND
FORMULAS
ALONG WITH LISTINGS
RELATED TO STRATEGIC ARMS AND TARGETS.
THERE APPEARED TO
BE TWO DISTINCT PARTS TO THE DOCUMENT. THE FIRST PORTION
WAS THEORETICAL IN NATURE WHILE THE SECOND PART PROVIDED
MATHEMATICAL JUSTIFICATION
IN SUPPORT
OF THE THEORY.
SOURCE
REPORTED CONCEPTS
OF
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE, USE OF
FREQUENCIES, PERCEPTIONS OF
VIBRATIONS AND SCATTERING.
SOURCE ALSO REPORTED THAT THERE WAS EVIDENCE OF A SURFACE
MATERIAL BONDED BY
A CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
ACTING IN THE
MANNER
OF
A TWO-WAY
MIRROR USED TO ABSORB AND SCATTER
ENERGY (THROUGHOUT THE MATERIAL) THROUGH THE USE OF "ROD-
LIKE INCLUSIONS. "
A
GRAY, SMOOTH, SHINY, LONG, ROUND,
METALLIC, CYLINDRICAL OBJECT
IS FUNCTIONALLY ASSOCIATED
WITH THE THEORY ESPOUSED BY THE DOCUMENT.
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SOURCE
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TARGET
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GLASSY, CURVY, MODERN-APPEARING
STRUCTURE
LOCATED IN A
SETTING
OF
LOW
ROLLING
HILLS
WITH FENCES AND PARKING
AREAS.
THE
FIRST
AREA
INSIDE
THE STRUCTURE
WAS A
RECEPTION
AREA
WHICH
HAD LONG HALLWAYS, HIGH CEILINGS,
AND
WHICH
DISPLAYED
HISTORICAL,
REPRESENTATIONAL
PAINTINGS.
THE DOCUMENT WAS MAINTAINED IN A SECOND AREA
WHICH WAS CHARACTERIZED BY MUCH LOWER CEILINGS. THE WORK
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SOURCE REPORTED SMALL CIRCLES
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SOURCE
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PHASES
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SOURCE ALSO
REPORTED THAT THE DOCUMENT
IS
DIRECTLY RELATED
TO THE
"LIGHT AND ENERGY" IN VERY SMALL
CAPTURE AND STORAGE OF
CUBES
(CRYSTALS).
TWO
PRINCIPLES
APPEARED
TO BE
INVOLVED;
THE
FIRST
WAS
DESCRIBED
AS AN "EYE TO EYE
PRINCIPLE"
AND THE SECOND
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TRANSPARENCY WITH A "REVERSING" EFFECT.
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.. . THIRD SOURCE REPORTED
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WITH
A
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THE STRUCTURE WAS PERCEIVED
AS A GOVERNMENT
BUILDING WITH ESTABLISHED VISITOR CONTROL POINTS.
SOURCE
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THAT
THE
SETTING
REMINDS ONE
OF
THE DIAC.
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THAT THE LETTERS ON THE DOCUMENT WERE L,
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THE SUBJECT MATTER DEALT WITH TECHNICAL
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WEAPONRY AND
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THE
DOCUMENT WAS A SYNTHESIS
OF DATA COMPLIED FROM VARIOUS
OUTSIDE SOURCES.
THE
DOCUMENT
OUTLINED
ASSETS,
QUANTITIES, LIMITS, AND PURPOSES.
... FOURTH SOURCE REPORTED THE TARGET
SITE AS A LARGE,
"WALLED-IN" BUILDING RESEMBLING
AN ART GALLERY REPLETE
WITH DRAWINGS
AND
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WELL-DRESSED
PERSONS
WERE OBSERVED
MILLING
ABOUT AND FURNITURE WAS
LOCATED IN THE MIDDLE OF THE ROOM.
SOURCE REPORTED THAT
THE DOCUMENT
DEALT
WITH
THE
PRESENCE
OF
A BLACK,
MICROSCOPIC CRYSTAL-FORMED MATERIAL
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ANALYTICAL COMMENTS
... THE DOCUMENT HAS SYMBOLS ASSOCIATED WITH MATHEMATICAL
CONCEPTS AND FORMULAS AND THE VIEWER'S PERCEPTIONS ARE
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THE
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TEXT ILLUSTRATES CRYSTALLINE
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VIA THE
USE OF
"ELASTIC" SPRING CONNECTIONS AND SOURCE WAS CORRECT WHEN
REPORTING THAT
THERE
IS
EVIDENCE OF
SURFACE MATERIAL
BONDED BY A CRYSTAL
STRUCTURE ACTING IN THE MANNER OF A
TWO WAY MIRROR USED TO ABSORB AND SCATTER ENERGY THROUGH
THE USE
OF ROD-LIKE INCLUSIONS.
IN VIEW OF THE
HOLOGRAPHIC PRINCIPLE, SOURCE WAS ESSENTIALLY CORRECT
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WHEN
IT WAS REPORTED THAT THE DOCUMENT DEALS WITH THE
CAPTURE AND STORAGE OF LIGHT AND
ENERGY
IN
VERY SMALL
CUBES.
HOWEVER, SOURCE REPORTED AN APT DESCRIPTION OF
THE HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESS ADDRESSED BY THE DOCUMENT WHEN IT
WAS
REPORTED THAT
THE DOCUMENT ADDRESSED THE TECHNICAL
CONCEPT DESCRIBED AS AN "EYE TO EYE" PRINCIPLE AND
"TRANSPARENCIES" WITH "REVERSING" EFFECTS.
THE DOCUMENT
WAS STORED
IN THE 6TH FLOOR OF THE DIAC AND ALL VIEWER'S
CORRECTLY IDENTIFIED THE DIAC.
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